API endpoint that allows Astronaut to be viewed.

GET: Return a list of all the existing astronauts.

MODE: Normal, List, LaunchList and Detailed /2.0.0/astronaut/?mode=detailed

FILTERS: Parameters - 'name', 'status', 'nationality', 'agency__name', 'agency__abbrev', 'date_of_birth', 'date_of_death', 'status_ids' Example - /2.0.0/astronaut/?nationality=American

SEARCH EXAMPLE: /2.0.0/astronaut/?search=armstrong Searches through name, nationality and agency name

ORDERING: Fields - 'name', 'status', 'date_of_birth' Example - /2.0.0/astronaut/?order=name

GET /2.0.0/astronaut/?format=api&offset=40
HTTP 200 OK
Allow: GET
Content-Type: application/json
Vary: Accept

{
    "count": 831,
    "next": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.0.0/astronaut/?format=api&limit=10&offset=50",
    "previous": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.0.0/astronaut/?format=api&limit=10&offset=30",
    "results": [
        {
            "id": 822,
            "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.0.0/astronaut/822/?format=api",
            "name": "Henry Wolfond",
            "status": {
                "id": 14,
                "name": "Occasional Spaceflight"
            },
            "type": {
                "id": 3,
                "name": "Private"
            },
            "date_of_birth": null,
            "date_of_death": null,
            "nationality": "Canadian",
            "bio": "Henry (Hank) Wolfond is Chairman and CEO of Bayshore Capital in Toronto, Canada. A lifelong aviator, Henry holds an Airline Transport Pilots license for fixed wing aircraft and a Commercial Pilots License for Helicopters. He moonlights as a professional pilot on charter, medevac, and organ retrieval flights. Henry is the Chair of the Confronting Antisemitism Committee of the UJA Federation of Greater Toronto and currently serves on the boards of the Canadian Jewish Political Affairs Committee (CJPAC), the Toronto General and Western Hospital Foundation (UHN Foundation), and on the Board of Governors for Hillel Ontario. Henry is also a co-founder of the Autism Acceptance Project.",
            "twitter": null,
            "instagram": null,
            "wiki": null,
            "agency": {
                "id": 141,
                "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.0.0/agencies/141/?format=api",
                "name": "Blue Origin",
                "featured": true,
                "type": "Commercial",
                "country_code": "USA",
                "abbrev": "BO",
                "description": "Blue Origin is an American privately funded aerospace manufacturer and spaceflight services company set up by Amazon.com founder Jeff Bezos with its headquarters in Kent, Washington. The company is developing technologies to enable private human access to space with the goal to dramatically lower costs and increase reliability. Blue Origin currently launches its New Shepard sub-orbital vehicle from its West Texas launch site, they are currently constructing a launch pad for their orbital vehicle New Glenn at Cape Canaveral LC-36.",
                "administrator": "CEO: Jeff Bezos",
                "founding_year": "2000",
                "launchers": "New Shepard | New Glenn",
                "spacecraft": "",
                "parent": null,
                "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/blue2520origin_image_20190207032427.jpeg"
            },
            "profile_image": null,
            "profile_image_thumbnail": null,
            "last_flight": "2024-11-22T15:30:00Z",
            "first_flight": "2024-11-22T15:30:00Z"
        },
        {
            "id": 644,
            "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.0.0/astronaut/644/?format=api",
            "name": "Nikolai Tikhonov",
            "status": {
                "id": 2,
                "name": "Retired"
            },
            "type": {
                "id": 2,
                "name": "Government"
            },
            "date_of_birth": "1982-05-23",
            "date_of_death": null,
            "nationality": "Russian",
            "bio": "Nikolay Vladimirovich Tikhonov (Russian: Николай В. Тихонов) was born May 23, 1982. He is a former Russian cosmonaut, selected in 2006.\r\n\r\nHe was selected as a backup flight engineer for Soyuz MS-02. He was made a prime crew member of Soyuz MS-04 but, due to Russian budget cuts, the crews were changed and Tikhonov was then slated to make his first spaceflight on the Soyuz MS-10 spacecraft. He was again removed from the manifest due to delays in launching the Russian Nauka module. He was scheduled to fly into space as commander of the Soyuz MS-15 mission, although he was removed for a third time following the aborted launch of Soyuz MS-10, and the subsequent crew changes that followed. He was then scheduled to finally make his first flight onboard Soyuz MS-16 in 2020. However he reportedly got an eye injury a month before the launch, was replaced on the flight, and subsequently left the cosmonaut corps due to health issues.",
            "twitter": null,
            "instagram": null,
            "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nikolai_Tikhonov_(cosmonaut)",
            "agency": {
                "id": 63,
                "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.0.0/agencies/63/?format=api",
                "name": "Russian Federal Space Agency (ROSCOSMOS)",
                "featured": true,
                "type": "Government",
                "country_code": "RUS",
                "abbrev": "RFSA",
                "description": "The Roscosmos State Corporation for Space Activities, commonly known as Roscosmos, is the governmental body responsible for the space science program of the Russian Federation and general aerospace research. Soyuz has many launch locations the Russian sites are Baikonur, Plesetsk and Vostochny however Ariane also purchases the vehicle and launches it from French Guiana.",
                "administrator": "Administrator: Yuri Borisov",
                "founding_year": "1992",
                "launchers": "Soyuz",
                "spacecraft": "Soyuz",
                "parent": null,
                "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/russian2520federal2520space2520agency25202528roscosmos2529_image_20190207032459.jpeg"
            },
            "profile_image": "https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/nikolai2520tikhonov_image_20200129210520.jpg",
            "profile_image_thumbnail": "https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305191106.jpeg",
            "last_flight": null,
            "first_flight": null
        },
        {
            "id": 856,
            "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.0.0/astronaut/856/?format=api",
            "name": "Deborah Martorell",
            "status": {
                "id": 14,
                "name": "Occasional Spaceflight"
            },
            "type": {
                "id": 3,
                "name": "Private"
            },
            "date_of_birth": null,
            "date_of_death": null,
            "nationality": "Puerto Rican",
            "bio": "Puerto Rican meteorologist and journalist. Her reporting on environmental and space topics has garnered eight Emmy Awards and two Awards of Excellence in Science Reporting from the American Meteorological Society. Her passion for space led her to participate in a 2007 microgravity flight with NASA, extensively cover Puerto Rican astronauts Joe Acabá and Marcos Berríos, and report on missions including STS-119, Artemis 1, and the launch of Puerto Rico's first nanosatellite, CuNARD-2. She was selected for the International Institute for Astronautical Sciences’ project PoSSUM, and is also a Solar System Ambassador for NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.",
            "twitter": "https://x.com/deborahtiempo",
            "instagram": "https://www.instagram.com/deborahmartorell/",
            "wiki": null,
            "agency": {
                "id": 141,
                "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.0.0/agencies/141/?format=api",
                "name": "Blue Origin",
                "featured": true,
                "type": "Commercial",
                "country_code": "USA",
                "abbrev": "BO",
                "description": "Blue Origin is an American privately funded aerospace manufacturer and spaceflight services company set up by Amazon.com founder Jeff Bezos with its headquarters in Kent, Washington. The company is developing technologies to enable private human access to space with the goal to dramatically lower costs and increase reliability. Blue Origin currently launches its New Shepard sub-orbital vehicle from its West Texas launch site, they are currently constructing a launch pad for their orbital vehicle New Glenn at Cape Canaveral LC-36.",
                "administrator": "CEO: Jeff Bezos",
                "founding_year": "2000",
                "launchers": "New Shepard | New Glenn",
                "spacecraft": "",
                "parent": null,
                "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/blue2520origin_image_20190207032427.jpeg"
            },
            "profile_image": "https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/deborah_martore_image_20250721164208.jpg",
            "profile_image_thumbnail": "https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/deborah_martore_image_thumbnail_20250721164208.jpeg",
            "last_flight": "2025-08-03T12:42:16Z",
            "first_flight": "2025-08-03T12:42:16Z"
        },
        {
            "id": 224,
            "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.0.0/astronaut/224/?format=api",
            "name": "Valeri Polyakov",
            "status": {
                "id": 11,
                "name": "Deceased"
            },
            "type": {
                "id": 2,
                "name": "Government"
            },
            "date_of_birth": "1942-04-27",
            "date_of_death": "2022-09-19",
            "nationality": "Russian",
            "bio": "Valeri Vladimirovich Polyakov (Russian: Валерий Владимирович Поляков, born Valeri Ivanovich Korshunov on April 27, 1942) is a former Russian cosmonaut. He is the holder of the record for the longest single stay in space in human history, staying aboard the Mir space station for more than 14 months (437 days 18 hours) during one trip. His combined space experience is more than 22 months.\r\n\r\nSelected as a cosmonaut in 1972, Polyakov made his first flight into space aboard Soyuz TM-6 in 1988. He returned to Earth 240 days later aboard TM-7. Polyakov completed his second flight into space in 1994–1995, spending 437 days in space between launching on Soyuz TM-18 and landing on TM-20, setting the record for the longest time continuously spent in space by an individual in human history.",
            "twitter": null,
            "instagram": null,
            "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valeri_Polyakov",
            "agency": {
                "id": 63,
                "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.0.0/agencies/63/?format=api",
                "name": "Russian Federal Space Agency (ROSCOSMOS)",
                "featured": true,
                "type": "Government",
                "country_code": "RUS",
                "abbrev": "RFSA",
                "description": "The Roscosmos State Corporation for Space Activities, commonly known as Roscosmos, is the governmental body responsible for the space science program of the Russian Federation and general aerospace research. Soyuz has many launch locations the Russian sites are Baikonur, Plesetsk and Vostochny however Ariane also purchases the vehicle and launches it from French Guiana.",
                "administrator": "Administrator: Yuri Borisov",
                "founding_year": "1992",
                "launchers": "Soyuz",
                "spacecraft": "Soyuz",
                "parent": null,
                "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/russian2520federal2520space2520agency25202528roscosmos2529_image_20190207032459.jpeg"
            },
            "profile_image": "https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/valeri2520polyakov_image_20181201212156.jpg",
            "profile_image_thumbnail": "https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305190133.jpeg",
            "last_flight": "1994-01-08T10:05:34Z",
            "first_flight": "1988-08-29T04:23:11Z"
        },
        {
            "id": 489,
            "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.0.0/astronaut/489/?format=api",
            "name": "Scott Kelly",
            "status": {
                "id": 2,
                "name": "Retired"
            },
            "type": {
                "id": 2,
                "name": "Government"
            },
            "date_of_birth": "1964-02-21",
            "date_of_death": null,
            "nationality": "American",
            "bio": "Scott Joseph Kelly is an engineer, retired American astronaut, and a retired U.S. Navy Captain. A veteran of four space flights, Kelly commanded the International Space Station (ISS) on Expeditions 26, 45, and 46.\r\n\r\nKelly's first spaceflight was as pilot of Space Shuttle Discovery, during STS-103 in December 1999. This was the third servicing mission to the Hubble Space Telescope, and lasted for just under eight days. Kelly's second spaceflight was as mission commander of STS-118, a 12-day Space Shuttle mission to the International Space Station in August 2007. Kelly's third spaceflight was as commander of Expedition 26 on the ISS. He arrived 9 October 2010, on a Russian Soyuz spacecraft, during Expedition 25, and served as a flight engineer until it ended. He took over command of the station on 25 November 2010, at the start of Expedition 26 which began officially when the spacecraft Soyuz TMA-19 undocked, carrying the previous commander of the station, Douglas H. Wheelock. Expedition 26 ended on 16 March 2011 with the departure of Soyuz TMA-01M. This was Kelly's first long-duration spaceflight.\r\n\r\nIn November 2012, Kelly was selected, along with Mikhail Korniyenko, for a year-long mission to the International Space Station. Their year in space commenced 27 March 2015 with the start of Expedition 43, continued through the entirety of Expeditions 44, and 45, both of which Kelly commanded. He passed command to Timothy Kopra on 29 February 2016, when the ISS 11-month mission ended. He returned to Earth aboard Soyuz TMA-18M on 1 March 2016.",
            "twitter": "https://twitter.com/StationCDRKelly",
            "instagram": "https://www.instagram.com/stationcdrkelly/",
            "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scott_Kelly_(astronaut)",
            "agency": {
                "id": 44,
                "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.0.0/agencies/44/?format=api",
                "name": "National Aeronautics and Space Administration",
                "featured": true,
                "type": "Government",
                "country_code": "USA",
                "abbrev": "NASA",
                "description": "The National Aeronautics and Space Administration is an independent agency of the executive branch of the United States federal government responsible for the civilian space program, as well as aeronautics and aerospace research. NASA have many launch facilities but most are inactive. The most commonly used pad will be LC-39B at Kennedy Space Center in Florida.",
                "administrator": "Acting Administrator:  James Free",
                "founding_year": "1958",
                "launchers": "Space Shuttle | SLS",
                "spacecraft": "Orion",
                "parent": null,
                "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/national2520aeronautics2520and2520space2520administration_image_20190207032448.jpeg"
            },
            "profile_image": "https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/scott_kelly_image_20220911033557.jpeg",
            "profile_image_thumbnail": "https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305190409.jpeg",
            "last_flight": "2015-03-27T19:42:57Z",
            "first_flight": "1999-12-20T00:50:00Z"
        },
        {
            "id": 335,
            "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.0.0/astronaut/335/?format=api",
            "name": "Richard O. Covey",
            "status": {
                "id": 2,
                "name": "Retired"
            },
            "type": {
                "id": 2,
                "name": "Government"
            },
            "date_of_birth": "1946-08-01",
            "date_of_death": null,
            "nationality": "American",
            "bio": "Richard Oswalt Covey is a retired United States Air Force officer and former NASA astronaut.",
            "twitter": null,
            "instagram": null,
            "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_O._Covey",
            "agency": {
                "id": 44,
                "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.0.0/agencies/44/?format=api",
                "name": "National Aeronautics and Space Administration",
                "featured": true,
                "type": "Government",
                "country_code": "USA",
                "abbrev": "NASA",
                "description": "The National Aeronautics and Space Administration is an independent agency of the executive branch of the United States federal government responsible for the civilian space program, as well as aeronautics and aerospace research. NASA have many launch facilities but most are inactive. The most commonly used pad will be LC-39B at Kennedy Space Center in Florida.",
                "administrator": "Acting Administrator:  James Free",
                "founding_year": "1958",
                "launchers": "Space Shuttle | SLS",
                "spacecraft": "Orion",
                "parent": null,
                "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/national2520aeronautics2520and2520space2520administration_image_20190207032448.jpeg"
            },
            "profile_image": "https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/richard2520o.2520covey_image_20181202102451.jpg",
            "profile_image_thumbnail": "https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305185209.jpeg",
            "last_flight": "1993-12-02T09:27:00Z",
            "first_flight": "1985-08-27T10:58:01Z"
        },
        {
            "id": 629,
            "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.0.0/astronaut/629/?format=api",
            "name": "Vladimir Shatalov",
            "status": {
                "id": 11,
                "name": "Deceased"
            },
            "type": {
                "id": 2,
                "name": "Government"
            },
            "date_of_birth": "1927-12-08",
            "date_of_death": "2021-06-15",
            "nationality": "Russian",
            "bio": "Vladimir Aleksandrovich Shatalov (Russian: Владимир Александрович Шаталов; born December 8, 1927) was a Soviet cosmonaut who flew three space missions of the Soyuz programme: Soyuz 4, Soyuz 8, and Soyuz 10.\r\n\r\nShatalov was born in Petropavlovsk. From 1971 to 1987, he was Commander of Cosmonaut Training, and Director of the Cosmonaut Training Centre from then until 1991.\r\n\r\nQuote: \"When we look into the sky it seems to us to be endless. We breathe without thinking about it, as is natural... and then you sit aboard a spacecraft, you tear away from Earth, and within ten minutes you have been carried straight through the layer of air, and beyond there is nothing! The 'boundless' blue sky, the ocean which gives us breath and protects us from endless black and death, is but an infinitesimally thin film. How dangerous it is to threaten even the smallest part of this gossamer covering, this conserver of life.\"",
            "twitter": null,
            "instagram": null,
            "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladimir_Shatalov",
            "agency": {
                "id": 63,
                "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.0.0/agencies/63/?format=api",
                "name": "Russian Federal Space Agency (ROSCOSMOS)",
                "featured": true,
                "type": "Government",
                "country_code": "RUS",
                "abbrev": "RFSA",
                "description": "The Roscosmos State Corporation for Space Activities, commonly known as Roscosmos, is the governmental body responsible for the space science program of the Russian Federation and general aerospace research. Soyuz has many launch locations the Russian sites are Baikonur, Plesetsk and Vostochny however Ariane also purchases the vehicle and launches it from French Guiana.",
                "administrator": "Administrator: Yuri Borisov",
                "founding_year": "1992",
                "launchers": "Soyuz",
                "spacecraft": "Soyuz",
                "parent": null,
                "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/russian2520federal2520space2520agency25202528roscosmos2529_image_20190207032459.jpeg"
            },
            "profile_image": "https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/vladimir2520shatalov_image_20190217072844.jpeg",
            "profile_image_thumbnail": "https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305191000.jpeg",
            "last_flight": "1971-04-22T23:54:06Z",
            "first_flight": "1969-01-14T07:30:00Z"
        },
        {
            "id": 751,
            "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.0.0/astronaut/751/?format=api",
            "name": "Marco Alain Sieber",
            "status": {
                "id": 3,
                "name": "In-Training"
            },
            "type": {
                "id": 2,
                "name": "Government"
            },
            "date_of_birth": null,
            "date_of_death": null,
            "nationality": "Swiss",
            "bio": "In 2009, Marco joined the paratrooper training with the Swiss Special Forces Commando at the Swiss Army, where he achieved the military rank of Sergeant.\r\n\r\nIn 2015, he received the degree of Doctor of Medicine from the University of Bern, Switzerland. His doctoral thesis was on robotic surgery and he was awarded best final exam for his physician diploma.\r\n\r\nIn 2021, he earned his specialist diploma in pre-clinical emergency and rescue medicine (SGNOR).\r\n\r\nBetween 2009 and 2015, Marco was working as an assistant teacher for anatomy and physiology courses at the faculty of medicine at the University of Bern. At the same time, he was also a skydiving instructor for pre-military paratrooper courses.\r\n\r\nBetween 2015 to 2017, he was a general surgery/traumatology, as well as an intensive care unit resident in Interlaken, Switzerland.\r\n\r\nAfter becoming chief medical officer with Swisscoy (Swiss Army) for KFOR (Kosovo) in 2018, Marco worked as an emergency medicine resident at the University Hospital of Bern, Switzerland, until 2019.\r\n\r\nBetween 2019 and 2021, he was an anaesthesiology resident in Interlaken, Switzerland.\r\n\r\nBetween 2020 and 2022, Marco worked as a helicopter rescue emergency medical doctor and joined the hospital in Biel, Switzerland as an urology resident one year later.",
            "twitter": null,
            "instagram": null,
            "wiki": null,
            "agency": {
                "id": 27,
                "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.0.0/agencies/27/?format=api",
                "name": "European Space Agency",
                "featured": false,
                "type": "Multinational",
                "country_code": "FRA,ITA,DEU,ESP,CHE,GBR,AUT,SWE,BEL,PRT,NLD,HUN,POL,DNK,CZE,ROU,NOR,FIN,GRC,EST,IRL,LUX,SVN",
                "abbrev": "ESA",
                "description": "The European Space Agency is an intergovernmental organisation of 22 member states. Established in 1975 and headquartered in Paris, France, ESA has a worldwide staff of about 2,000 employees.\r\n\r\nESA's space flight programme includes human spaceflight (mainly through participation in the International Space Station program); the launch and operation of unmanned exploration missions to other planets and the Moon; Earth observation, science and telecommunication; designing launch vehicles; and maintaining a major spaceport, the Guiana Space Centre at Kourou, French Guiana.",
                "administrator": "Director General: Josef Aschbacher",
                "founding_year": "1975",
                "launchers": "Ariane | Vega",
                "spacecraft": "Space Rider",
                "parent": null,
                "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/esa_patch_float_image_20250211192109.png"
            },
            "profile_image": "https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/marco_alain_sie_image_20221123151653.jpg",
            "profile_image_thumbnail": "https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305190838.jpeg",
            "last_flight": null,
            "first_flight": null
        },
        {
            "id": 61,
            "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.0.0/astronaut/61/?format=api",
            "name": "Anatoly Artsebarsky",
            "status": {
                "id": 2,
                "name": "Retired"
            },
            "type": {
                "id": 2,
                "name": "Government"
            },
            "date_of_birth": "1956-09-09",
            "date_of_death": null,
            "nationality": "Russian",
            "bio": "Anatoly Pavlovich Artsebarsky (Ukrainian: Анатолій Павлович Арцебарський) (Russian: Анатолий Павлович Арцебарский; born 9 September 1956) is a former Soviet cosmonaut.\r\n\r\nHe became a cosmonaut in 1985. Artsebarsky has spent almost 5 months in space on a single spaceflight. In 1991, he flew aboard Soyuz TM-12 and docked with the Mir Space Station. Artsebarsky and Sergei Krikalev stayed aboard Mir while the rest of the crew flew back to Earth after eight days. Artsebarsky took six spacewalks during the Mir EO-9 mission. He spent over 33 hours walking in space.",
            "twitter": null,
            "instagram": null,
            "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatoly_Artsebarsky",
            "agency": {
                "id": 63,
                "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.0.0/agencies/63/?format=api",
                "name": "Russian Federal Space Agency (ROSCOSMOS)",
                "featured": true,
                "type": "Government",
                "country_code": "RUS",
                "abbrev": "RFSA",
                "description": "The Roscosmos State Corporation for Space Activities, commonly known as Roscosmos, is the governmental body responsible for the space science program of the Russian Federation and general aerospace research. Soyuz has many launch locations the Russian sites are Baikonur, Plesetsk and Vostochny however Ariane also purchases the vehicle and launches it from French Guiana.",
                "administrator": "Administrator: Yuri Borisov",
                "founding_year": "1992",
                "launchers": "Soyuz",
                "spacecraft": "Soyuz",
                "parent": null,
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