{"count":853,"next":"https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/astronauts/?format=json&limit=10&offset=718&ordering=-last_flight","previous":"https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/astronauts/?format=json&limit=10&offset=698&ordering=-last_flight","results":[{"id":197,"url":"https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/astronauts/197/?format=json","name":"Ernst Messerschmid","status":{"id":2,"name":"Retired"},"agency":{"response_mode":"list","id":29,"url":"https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/agencies/29/?format=json","name":"German Aerospace Center","abbrev":"DLR","type":{"id":1,"name":"Government"}},"image":{"id":434,"name":"[AUTO] Ernst Messerschmid - image","image_url":"https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/ernst2520messerschmid_image_20181201175413.jpg","thumbnail_url":"https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305185837.jpeg","credit":null,"license":{"id":1,"name":"Unknown","priority":9,"link":null},"single_use":true,"variants":[]},"response_mode":"normal","type":{"id":2,"name":"Government"},"in_space":false,"time_in_space":"P7DT44M","eva_time":"P0D","age":80,"date_of_birth":"1945-05-21","date_of_death":null,"nationality":[{"id":4,"name":"Germany","alpha_2_code":"DE","alpha_3_code":"DEU","nationality_name":"German","nationality_name_composed":"Germano"}],"bio":"Ernst Willi Messerschmid (born May 21, 1945) is a German physicist and former astronaut.\r\nFrom 1978 to 1982, he worked at the DFVLR (the precursor of the DLR) in the Institute of Communications Technology in Oberpfaffenhofen on space-borne communications. In 1983, he was selected as one of the astronauts for the first German Spacelab mission D-1. He flew as payload specialist on STS-61-A in 1985, spending over 168 hours in space.","wiki":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ernst_Messerschmid","last_flight":"1985-10-30T17:00:00Z","first_flight":"1985-10-30T17:00:00Z","social_media_links":[],"flights_count":1,"landings_count":1,"spacewalks_count":0},{"id":213,"url":"https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/astronauts/213/?format=json","name":"Wubbo Ockels","status":{"id":11,"name":"Deceased"},"agency":{"response_mode":"list","id":27,"url":"https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/agencies/27/?format=json","name":"European Space Agency","abbrev":"ESA","type":{"id":2,"name":"Multinational"}},"image":{"id":928,"name":"[AUTO] Wubbo Ockels - image","image_url":"https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/wubbo2520ockels_image_20181201184140.jpg","thumbnail_url":"https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305191144.jpeg","credit":null,"license":{"id":1,"name":"Unknown","priority":9,"link":null},"single_use":true,"variants":[]},"response_mode":"normal","type":{"id":2,"name":"Government"},"in_space":false,"time_in_space":"P7DT44M","eva_time":"P0D","age":68,"date_of_birth":"1946-03-28","date_of_death":"2014-05-18","nationality":[{"id":27,"name":"Netherlands","alpha_2_code":"NL","alpha_3_code":"NLD","nationality_name":"Dutch","nationality_name_composed":"Dutch"}],"bio":"Dr Wubbo Johannes Ockels (28 March 1946 – 18 May 2014) was a Dutch physicist and an astronaut of the European Space Agency (ESA). In 1985 he participated in a flight on the Space Shuttle Challenger, STS-61-A, making him the first Dutch citizen in space.","wiki":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wubbo_Ockels","last_flight":"1985-10-30T17:00:00Z","first_flight":"1985-10-30T17:00:00Z","social_media_links":[],"flights_count":1,"landings_count":1,"spacewalks_count":0},{"id":109,"url":"https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/astronauts/109/?format=json","name":"Reinhard Furrer","status":{"id":11,"name":"Deceased"},"agency":{"response_mode":"list","id":29,"url":"https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/agencies/29/?format=json","name":"German Aerospace Center","abbrev":"DLR","type":{"id":1,"name":"Government"}},"image":{"id":351,"name":"[AUTO] Reinhard Furrer - image","image_url":"https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/reinhard2520furrer_image_20181128231842.jpg","thumbnail_url":"https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305185627.jpeg","credit":null,"license":{"id":1,"name":"Unknown","priority":9,"link":null},"single_use":true,"variants":[]},"response_mode":"normal","type":{"id":2,"name":"Government"},"in_space":false,"time_in_space":"P7DT44M","eva_time":"P0D","age":54,"date_of_birth":"1940-11-25","date_of_death":"1995-09-09","nationality":[{"id":4,"name":"Germany","alpha_2_code":"DE","alpha_3_code":"DEU","nationality_name":"German","nationality_name_composed":"Germano"}],"bio":"Prof. Dr. Reinhard Alfred Furrer (25 November 1940 – 9 September 1995) was a German physicist and astronaut.\r\n\r\nIn 1977 Furrer applied for selection as an astronaut for the first Spacelab mission. He made it into the final round of candidates, although Ulf Merbold was finally selected. In 1982, the astronauts for the first German Spacelab mission were selected from the finalists for the first mission, and Furrer was one of the two chosen. He was a payload specialist on STS-61-A (D1), which was launched on 30 October 1985. The other payload specialists on the flight were Ernst Messerschmid and Wubbo Ockels (Netherlands).","wiki":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinhard_Furrer","last_flight":"1985-10-30T17:00:00Z","first_flight":"1985-10-30T17:00:00Z","social_media_links":[],"flights_count":1,"landings_count":1,"spacewalks_count":0},{"id":360,"url":"https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/astronauts/360/?format=json","name":"Robert L. Stewart","status":{"id":2,"name":"Retired"},"agency":{"response_mode":"list","id":44,"url":"https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/agencies/44/?format=json","name":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration","abbrev":"NASA","type":{"id":1,"name":"Government"}},"image":{"id":393,"name":"[AUTO] Robert L. Stewart - image","image_url":"https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/robert2520l.2520stewart_image_20181202105233.jpg","thumbnail_url":"https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305185734.jpeg","credit":null,"license":{"id":1,"name":"Unknown","priority":9,"link":null},"single_use":true,"variants":[]},"response_mode":"normal","type":{"id":2,"name":"Government"},"in_space":false,"time_in_space":"P12DT1H25S","eva_time":"PT12H12M","age":83,"date_of_birth":"1942-05-10","date_of_death":null,"nationality":[{"id":2,"name":"United States of America","alpha_2_code":"US","alpha_3_code":"USA","nationality_name":"American","nationality_name_composed":"Americano"}],"bio":"Robert Lee Stewart is a retired brigadier general of the United States Army and a former NASA astronaut.","wiki":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_L._Stewart","last_flight":"1985-10-03T15:15:30Z","first_flight":"1984-02-03T13:00:00Z","social_media_links":[],"flights_count":2,"landings_count":2,"spacewalks_count":2},{"id":327,"url":"https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/astronauts/327/?format=json","name":"Karol J. Bobko","status":{"id":11,"name":"Deceased"},"agency":{"response_mode":"list","id":44,"url":"https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/agencies/44/?format=json","name":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration","abbrev":"NASA","type":{"id":1,"name":"Government"}},"image":{"id":304,"name":"[AUTO] Karol J. Bobko - image","image_url":"https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/karol2520j.2520bobko_image_20181202093540.jpg","thumbnail_url":"https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305185503.jpeg","credit":null,"license":{"id":1,"name":"Unknown","priority":9,"link":null},"single_use":true,"variants":[]},"response_mode":"normal","type":{"id":2,"name":"Government"},"in_space":false,"time_in_space":"P16DT2H2M53S","eva_time":"P0D","age":85,"date_of_birth":"1937-12-23","date_of_death":"2023-08-17","nationality":[{"id":2,"name":"United States of America","alpha_2_code":"US","alpha_3_code":"USA","nationality_name":"American","nationality_name_composed":"Americano"}],"bio":"Karol Joseph \"Bo\" Bobko is an American aerospace engineer, retired U.S. Air Force officer, test pilot, and a former USAF and NASA astronaut.","wiki":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karol_J._Bobko","last_flight":"1985-10-03T15:15:30Z","first_flight":"1983-04-04T18:30:00Z","social_media_links":[],"flights_count":3,"landings_count":3,"spacewalks_count":0},{"id":595,"url":"https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/astronauts/595/?format=json","name":"William A. Pailes","status":{"id":2,"name":"Retired"},"agency":{"response_mode":"list","id":161,"url":"https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/agencies/161/?format=json","name":"United States Air Force","abbrev":"USAF","type":{"id":1,"name":"Government"}},"image":{"id":404,"name":"[AUTO] William A. Pailes - image","image_url":"https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/william2520a.2520pailes_image_20190211162601.jpeg","thumbnail_url":"https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305185751.jpeg","credit":null,"license":{"id":1,"name":"Unknown","priority":9,"link":null},"single_use":true,"variants":[]},"response_mode":"normal","type":{"id":5,"name":"Payload Specialist"},"in_space":false,"time_in_space":"P4DT1H44M30S","eva_time":"P0D","age":73,"date_of_birth":"1952-06-26","date_of_death":null,"nationality":[{"id":2,"name":"United States of America","alpha_2_code":"US","alpha_3_code":"USA","nationality_name":"American","nationality_name_composed":"Americano"}],"bio":"William Arthur Pailes (Colonel, USAF) (born June 26, 1952) was a USAF astronaut in the Manned Spaceflight Engineer Program during the mid-1980s. He served as a Payload Specialist on STS-51-J Atlantis (October 3–7, 1985).","wiki":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_A._Pailes","last_flight":"1985-10-03T15:15:30Z","first_flight":"1985-10-03T15:15:30Z","social_media_links":[],"flights_count":1,"landings_count":1,"spacewalks_count":0},{"id":275,"url":"https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/astronauts/275/?format=json","name":"Vladimir Vasyutin","status":{"id":11,"name":"Deceased"},"agency":{"response_mode":"list","id":63,"url":"https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/agencies/63/?format=json","name":"Russian Federal Space Agency (ROSCOSMOS)","abbrev":"RFSA","type":{"id":1,"name":"Government"}},"image":{"id":407,"name":"[AUTO] Vladimir Vasyutin - image","image_url":"https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/vladimir2520vasyutin_image_20181201223746.jpg","thumbnail_url":"https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305185755.jpeg","credit":null,"license":{"id":1,"name":"Unknown","priority":9,"link":null},"single_use":true,"variants":[]},"response_mode":"normal","type":{"id":2,"name":"Government"},"in_space":false,"time_in_space":"P64DT21H52M8S","eva_time":"P0D","age":50,"date_of_birth":"1952-03-08","date_of_death":"2002-07-19","nationality":[{"id":5,"name":"Russia","alpha_2_code":"RU","alpha_3_code":"RUS","nationality_name":"Russian","nationality_name_composed":"Russo"}],"bio":"Vladimir Vladimirovich Vasyutin (Russian:Влaдимиp Bлaдимиpoвич Васютин, born March 8, 1952, Kharkiv, Kharkiv Oblast, Ukrainian SSR, died July 19, 2002) was a Soviet cosmonaut.\r\n\r\nHe was selected as a cosmonaut on December 1, 1978 (TsPK-6). He retired on February 25, 1986.\r\n\r\nVasyutin was assigned to the TKS program for a new generation of manned military spacecraft that would be docked to the existing Salyut space stations.\r\n\r\nHe flew as the Commander on Soyuz T-14 to the Salyut 7 space station, for part of the long-duration mission Salyut 7 EO-4. He spent 64 days 21 hours 52 minutes in space. The TKS module was already docked to the Salyut and Vasyutin was due to lead an extended programme of military space experiments. However Vasyutin fell ill soon after arriving at the station and was unable to perform his duties. Although he was originally scheduled to have a six-month stay aboard Salyut 7, his illness forced the crew to make an emergency return to Earth after only two months. His illness is said to have been caused by a prostate infection, which had manifested itself as inflammation and a fever.","wiki":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladimir_Vasyutin","last_flight":"1985-09-17T12:38:52Z","first_flight":"1985-09-17T12:38:52Z","social_media_links":[],"flights_count":1,"landings_count":1,"spacewalks_count":0},{"id":116,"url":"https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/astronauts/116/?format=json","name":"Georgy Grechko","status":{"id":11,"name":"Deceased"},"agency":{"response_mode":"list","id":63,"url":"https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/agencies/63/?format=json","name":"Russian Federal Space Agency (ROSCOSMOS)","abbrev":"RFSA","type":{"id":1,"name":"Government"}},"image":{"id":754,"name":"[AUTO] Georgy Grechko - image","image_url":"https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/georgy2520grechko_image_20181128233337.jpg","thumbnail_url":"https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305190708.jpeg","credit":null,"license":{"id":1,"name":"Unknown","priority":9,"link":null},"single_use":true,"variants":[]},"response_mode":"normal","type":{"id":2,"name":"Government"},"in_space":false,"time_in_space":"P134DT20H32M58S","eva_time":"PT1H28M","age":85,"date_of_birth":"1931-05-25","date_of_death":"2017-04-08","nationality":[{"id":5,"name":"Russia","alpha_2_code":"RU","alpha_3_code":"RUS","nationality_name":"Russian","nationality_name_composed":"Russo"}],"bio":"Georgy Mikhaylovich Grechko (Russian: Георгий Михайлович Гречко; 25 May 1931 – 8 April 2017) was a Soviet cosmonaut who flew on several space flights including Soyuz 17, Soyuz 26, and Soyuz T-14.","wiki":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Georgy_Grechko","last_flight":"1985-09-17T12:38:52Z","first_flight":"1975-01-10T21:43:37Z","social_media_links":[],"flights_count":3,"landings_count":3,"spacewalks_count":1},{"id":375,"url":"https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/astronauts/375/?format=json","name":"William Frederick Fisher","status":{"id":2,"name":"Retired"},"agency":{"response_mode":"list","id":44,"url":"https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/agencies/44/?format=json","name":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration","abbrev":"NASA","type":{"id":1,"name":"Government"}},"image":{"id":529,"name":"[AUTO] William Frederick Fisher - image","image_url":"https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/william2520frederick2520fisher_image_20181202120916.jpg","thumbnail_url":"https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305190104.jpeg","credit":null,"license":{"id":1,"name":"Unknown","priority":9,"link":null},"single_use":true,"variants":[]},"response_mode":"normal","type":{"id":2,"name":"Government"},"in_space":false,"time_in_space":"P7DT2H16M59S","eva_time":"PT11H46M","age":80,"date_of_birth":"1946-04-01","date_of_death":null,"nationality":[{"id":2,"name":"United States of America","alpha_2_code":"US","alpha_3_code":"USA","nationality_name":"American","nationality_name_composed":"Americano"}],"bio":"William Frederick Fisher is an American physician and a former NASA astronaut. Fisher went into space in 1985 on board the Space Shuttle. He retired from NASA in 1992 and returned to the full-time practice of medicine. His time at NASA coincided with that of his former wife and fellow astronaut Anna Lee Fisher.","wiki":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Frederick_Fisher","last_flight":"1985-08-27T10:58:01Z","first_flight":"1985-08-27T10:58:01Z","social_media_links":[],"flights_count":1,"landings_count":1,"spacewalks_count":2},{"id":305,"url":"https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/astronauts/305/?format=json","name":"Joe Engle","status":{"id":11,"name":"Deceased"},"agency":{"response_mode":"list","id":44,"url":"https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/agencies/44/?format=json","name":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration","abbrev":"NASA","type":{"id":1,"name":"Government"}},"image":{"id":479,"name":"[AUTO] Joe Engle - image","image_url":"https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/joe2520engle_image_20181202090904.jpg","thumbnail_url":"https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305185948.jpeg","credit":null,"license":{"id":1,"name":"Unknown","priority":9,"link":null},"single_use":true,"variants":[]},"response_mode":"normal","type":{"id":2,"name":"Government"},"in_space":false,"time_in_space":"P9DT8H59M59S","eva_time":"P0D","age":91,"date_of_birth":"1932-08-26","date_of_death":"2024-07-10","nationality":[{"id":2,"name":"United States of America","alpha_2_code":"US","alpha_3_code":"USA","nationality_name":"American","nationality_name_composed":"Americano"}],"bio":"Joe Henry Engle was an American pilot who served in the United States Air Force, test pilot for the North American X-15 program, aeronautical engineer, and a NASA astronaut.\r\n\r\nEngle test-flew the joint NASA-Air Force X-15 rocket airplane. During the course of testing, Engle earned his USAF Astronaut Wings, a Distinguished Flying Cross and other awards. Engle was selected by NASA in 1966 for the Apollo program, and was originally scheduled to land on the Moon as Lunar Module Pilot on Apollo 17, but was bumped when later flights were cancelled, so that geologist-astronaut Harrison H. Schmitt could fly.\r\n\r\nHe subsequently became one of the first astronauts in the Space Shuttle program, having flight tested the Space Shuttle Enterprise in 1977. He was Commander of the second orbital test flight of the Space Shuttle Columbia in 1981.","wiki":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joe_Engle","last_flight":"1985-08-27T10:58:01Z","first_flight":"1965-06-29T18:21:00Z","social_media_links":[],"flights_count":5,"landings_count":5,"spacewalks_count":0}]}