{"count":862,"next":"https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/astronauts/?format=json&limit=10&offset=270&ordering=time_in_space","previous":"https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/astronauts/?format=json&limit=10&offset=250&ordering=time_in_space","results":[{"id":309,"url":"https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/astronauts/309/?format=json","name":"Don L. Lind","status":{"id":11,"name":"Deceased"},"agency":{"response_mode":"list","id":44,"url":"https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/agencies/44/?format=json","name":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration","abbrev":"NASA","type":{"id":1,"name":"Government"}},"image":{"id":560,"name":"[AUTO] Don L. Lind - image","image_url":"https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/don2520l.2520lind_image_20181202091446.jpg","thumbnail_url":"https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305190156.jpeg","credit":null,"license":{"id":1,"name":"Unknown","priority":9,"link":null},"single_use":true,"variants":[]},"response_mode":"normal","type":{"id":2,"name":"Government"},"in_space":false,"time_in_space":"P7DT8M42S","eva_time":"P0D","age":92,"date_of_birth":"1930-05-18","date_of_death":"2022-08-30","nationality":[{"id":2,"name":"United States of America","alpha_2_code":"US","alpha_3_code":"USA","nationality_name":"American","nationality_name_composed":"Americano"}],"bio":"Don Leslie Lind, Ph.D. is an American scientist and a former naval officer and aviator, and NASA astronaut. He graduated from the University of Utah with an undergraduate degree in physics in 1953. Following his military service obligation, he earned a Ph.D. in high-energy nuclear physics from the University of California, Berkeley in 1964.\r\n\r\nLind was a naval aviator and attained the rank of Commander in the United States Naval Reserve. He had active duty in San Diego and aboard the carrier USS Hancock.\r\n\r\nAfter completing his doctorate, Lind worked at NASA's Goddard Research Center from 1964 to 1966. During this period, he applied for the third group of astronauts but did not have enough flight hours. He applied for the fourth group, but was denied for being too old. The age restriction was raised for the fifth group, and he was selected with the Original Nineteen in 1966. Lind helped to develop the Apollo 11 EVA activities, and served as CAPCOM for the Apollo 11 and Apollo 12 missions. He was then assigned as backup Pilot for Skylab 3 and Skylab 4 and nearly flew on the proposed Skylab Rescue mission.\r\n\r\nLind was the Payload Commander on his only flight, STS-51-B, launched April 29, 1985. He designed an experiment to capture the Earth's aurora. The payload experiments consisted primarily of microgravity research and atmospheric measurement. The Orbiter Challenger completed 110 orbits before landing at Edwards Air Force Base, California.","wiki":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Don_L._Lind","last_flight":"1985-04-29T16:02:18Z","first_flight":"1985-04-29T16:02:18Z","social_media_links":[],"flights_count":1,"landings_count":1,"spacewalks_count":0},{"id":181,"url":"https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/astronauts/181/?format=json","name":"Alexey Leonov","status":{"id":11,"name":"Deceased"},"agency":{"response_mode":"list","id":63,"url":"https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/agencies/63/?format=json","name":"Russian Federal Space Agency (ROSCOSMOS)","abbrev":"RFSA","type":{"id":1,"name":"Government"}},"image":{"id":800,"name":"[AUTO] Alexey Leonov - image","image_url":"https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/alexey2520leonov_image_20181129235111.jpg","thumbnail_url":"https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305190818.jpeg","credit":null,"license":{"id":1,"name":"Unknown","priority":9,"link":null},"single_use":true,"variants":[]},"response_mode":"normal","type":{"id":2,"name":"Government"},"in_space":false,"time_in_space":"P7DT32M17S","eva_time":"PT12M9S","age":85,"date_of_birth":"1934-05-30","date_of_death":"2019-10-11","nationality":[{"id":5,"name":"Russia","alpha_2_code":"RU","alpha_3_code":"RUS","nationality_name":"Russian","nationality_name_composed":"Russo"}],"bio":"Alexey Arkhipovich Leonov (Russian: Алексе́й Архи́пович Лео́нов, IPA: [ɐlʲɪˈksʲej ɐˈrxʲipəvʲɪtɕ lʲɪˈonəf]; born 30 May 1934) is a retired Soviet/Russian cosmonaut, Air Force Major general, writer and artist. On 18 March 1965, he became the first human to conduct extravehicular activity (EVA), exiting the capsule during the Voskhod 2 mission for a 12-minute spacewalk.","wiki":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexey_Leonov","last_flight":"1975-07-15T12:20:00Z","first_flight":"1965-03-18T07:00:00Z","social_media_links":[],"flights_count":2,"landings_count":2,"spacewalks_count":1},{"id":197,"url":"https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/astronauts/197/?format=json","name":"Ernst Messerschmid","status":{"id":2,"name":"Retired"},"agency":{"response_mode":"list","id":29,"url":"https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/agencies/29/?format=json","name":"German Aerospace Center","abbrev":"DLR","type":{"id":1,"name":"Government"}},"image":{"id":434,"name":"[AUTO] Ernst Messerschmid - image","image_url":"https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/ernst2520messerschmid_image_20181201175413.jpg","thumbnail_url":"https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305185837.jpeg","credit":null,"license":{"id":1,"name":"Unknown","priority":9,"link":null},"single_use":true,"variants":[]},"response_mode":"normal","type":{"id":2,"name":"Government"},"in_space":false,"time_in_space":"P7DT44M","eva_time":"P0D","age":81,"date_of_birth":"1945-05-21","date_of_death":null,"nationality":[{"id":4,"name":"Germany","alpha_2_code":"DE","alpha_3_code":"DEU","nationality_name":"German","nationality_name_composed":"Germano"}],"bio":"Ernst Willi Messerschmid (born May 21, 1945) is a German physicist and former astronaut.\r\nFrom 1978 to 1982, he worked at the DFVLR (the precursor of the DLR) in the Institute of Communications Technology in Oberpfaffenhofen on space-borne communications. In 1983, he was selected as one of the astronauts for the first German Spacelab mission D-1. He flew as payload specialist on STS-61-A in 1985, spending over 168 hours in space.","wiki":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ernst_Messerschmid","last_flight":"1985-10-30T17:00:00Z","first_flight":"1985-10-30T17:00:00Z","social_media_links":[],"flights_count":1,"landings_count":1,"spacewalks_count":0},{"id":213,"url":"https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/astronauts/213/?format=json","name":"Wubbo Ockels","status":{"id":11,"name":"Deceased"},"agency":{"response_mode":"list","id":27,"url":"https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/agencies/27/?format=json","name":"European Space Agency","abbrev":"ESA","type":{"id":2,"name":"Multinational"}},"image":{"id":928,"name":"[AUTO] Wubbo Ockels - image","image_url":"https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/wubbo2520ockels_image_20181201184140.jpg","thumbnail_url":"https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305191144.jpeg","credit":null,"license":{"id":1,"name":"Unknown","priority":9,"link":null},"single_use":true,"variants":[]},"response_mode":"normal","type":{"id":2,"name":"Government"},"in_space":false,"time_in_space":"P7DT44M","eva_time":"P0D","age":68,"date_of_birth":"1946-03-28","date_of_death":"2014-05-18","nationality":[{"id":27,"name":"Netherlands","alpha_2_code":"NL","alpha_3_code":"NLD","nationality_name":"Dutch","nationality_name_composed":"Dutch"}],"bio":"Dr Wubbo Johannes Ockels (28 March 1946 – 18 May 2014) was a Dutch physicist and an astronaut of the European Space Agency (ESA). In 1985 he participated in a flight on the Space Shuttle Challenger, STS-61-A, making him the first Dutch citizen in space.","wiki":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wubbo_Ockels","last_flight":"1985-10-30T17:00:00Z","first_flight":"1985-10-30T17:00:00Z","social_media_links":[],"flights_count":1,"landings_count":1,"spacewalks_count":0},{"id":109,"url":"https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/astronauts/109/?format=json","name":"Reinhard Furrer","status":{"id":11,"name":"Deceased"},"agency":{"response_mode":"list","id":29,"url":"https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/agencies/29/?format=json","name":"German Aerospace Center","abbrev":"DLR","type":{"id":1,"name":"Government"}},"image":{"id":351,"name":"[AUTO] Reinhard Furrer - image","image_url":"https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/reinhard2520furrer_image_20181128231842.jpg","thumbnail_url":"https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305185627.jpeg","credit":null,"license":{"id":1,"name":"Unknown","priority":9,"link":null},"single_use":true,"variants":[]},"response_mode":"normal","type":{"id":2,"name":"Government"},"in_space":false,"time_in_space":"P7DT44M","eva_time":"P0D","age":54,"date_of_birth":"1940-11-25","date_of_death":"1995-09-09","nationality":[{"id":4,"name":"Germany","alpha_2_code":"DE","alpha_3_code":"DEU","nationality_name":"German","nationality_name_composed":"Germano"}],"bio":"Prof. Dr. Reinhard Alfred Furrer (25 November 1940 – 9 September 1995) was a German physicist and astronaut.\r\n\r\nIn 1977 Furrer applied for selection as an astronaut for the first Spacelab mission. He made it into the final round of candidates, although Ulf Merbold was finally selected. In 1982, the astronauts for the first German Spacelab mission were selected from the finalists for the first mission, and Furrer was one of the two chosen. He was a payload specialist on STS-61-A (D1), which was launched on 30 October 1985. The other payload specialists on the flight were Ernst Messerschmid and Wubbo Ockels (Netherlands).","wiki":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinhard_Furrer","last_flight":"1985-10-30T17:00:00Z","first_flight":"1985-10-30T17:00:00Z","social_media_links":[],"flights_count":1,"landings_count":1,"spacewalks_count":0},{"id":75,"url":"https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/astronauts/75/?format=json","name":"Patrick Baudry","status":{"id":2,"name":"Retired"},"agency":{"response_mode":"list","id":46,"url":"https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/agencies/46/?format=json","name":"National Center of Space Research","abbrev":"CNES","type":{"id":1,"name":"Government"}},"image":{"id":826,"name":"[AUTO] Patrick Baudry - image","image_url":"https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/patrick2520baudry_image_20181128222518.jpg","thumbnail_url":"https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305190859.jpeg","credit":null,"license":{"id":1,"name":"Unknown","priority":9,"link":null},"single_use":true,"variants":[]},"response_mode":"normal","type":{"id":2,"name":"Government"},"in_space":false,"time_in_space":"P7DT1H38M","eva_time":"P0D","age":80,"date_of_birth":"1946-03-06","date_of_death":null,"nationality":[{"id":1,"name":"France","alpha_2_code":"FR","alpha_3_code":"FRA","nationality_name":"French","nationality_name_composed":"Franco"}],"bio":"Patrick Pierre Roger Baudry (born March 6, 1946 in Cameroon), is a retired Lieutenant Colonel in the French Air Force and a former CNES astronaut. In 1985, he became the second French citizen in space, after Jean-Loup Chrétien, when he flew aboard NASA's Space Shuttle mission STS-51-G.","wiki":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patrick_Baudry","last_flight":"1985-06-17T11:33:00Z","first_flight":"1985-06-17T11:33:00Z","social_media_links":[],"flights_count":1,"landings_count":1,"spacewalks_count":0},{"id":241,"url":"https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/astronauts/241/?format=json","name":"Sultan bin Salman Al Saud","status":{"id":2,"name":"Retired"},"agency":{"response_mode":"list","id":70,"url":"https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/agencies/70/?format=json","name":"Space Research Institute of Saudi Arabia","abbrev":"KACST-SRI","type":{"id":1,"name":"Government"}},"image":{"id":459,"name":"[AUTO] Sultan bin Salman Al Saud - image","image_url":"https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/sultan2520bin2520salman2520al2520saud_image_20190211162403.jpeg","thumbnail_url":"https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305185916.jpeg","credit":null,"license":{"id":1,"name":"Unknown","priority":9,"link":null},"single_use":true,"variants":[]},"response_mode":"normal","type":{"id":4,"name":"Non-Astronaut Passenger"},"in_space":false,"time_in_space":"P7DT1H38M","eva_time":"P0D","age":70,"date_of_birth":"1956-06-27","date_of_death":null,"nationality":[{"id":19,"name":"Saudi Arabia","alpha_2_code":"SA","alpha_3_code":"SAU","nationality_name":"Saudi","nationality_name_composed":"Saudi"}],"bio":"Sultan bin Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud (born 27 June 1956) is a former Royal Saudi Air Force pilot who flew aboard the American STS-51-G Space Shuttle mission as a payload specialist, and a member of the House of Saud. He is thus the first member of a royal family to be an astronaut, and the first Arab and Muslim to fly in space.","wiki":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sultan_bin_Salman_Al_Saud","last_flight":"1985-06-17T11:33:00Z","first_flight":"1985-06-17T11:33:00Z","social_media_links":[],"flights_count":1,"landings_count":1,"spacewalks_count":0},{"id":375,"url":"https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/astronauts/375/?format=json","name":"William Frederick Fisher","status":{"id":2,"name":"Retired"},"agency":{"response_mode":"list","id":44,"url":"https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/agencies/44/?format=json","name":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration","abbrev":"NASA","type":{"id":1,"name":"Government"}},"image":{"id":529,"name":"[AUTO] William Frederick Fisher - image","image_url":"https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/william2520frederick2520fisher_image_20181202120916.jpg","thumbnail_url":"https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305190104.jpeg","credit":null,"license":{"id":1,"name":"Unknown","priority":9,"link":null},"single_use":true,"variants":[]},"response_mode":"normal","type":{"id":2,"name":"Government"},"in_space":false,"time_in_space":"P7DT2H16M59S","eva_time":"PT11H46M","age":80,"date_of_birth":"1946-04-01","date_of_death":null,"nationality":[{"id":2,"name":"United States of America","alpha_2_code":"US","alpha_3_code":"USA","nationality_name":"American","nationality_name_composed":"Americano"}],"bio":"William Frederick Fisher is an American physician and a former NASA astronaut. Fisher went into space in 1985 on board the Space Shuttle. He retired from NASA in 1992 and returned to the full-time practice of medicine. His time at NASA coincided with that of his former wife and fellow astronaut Anna Lee Fisher.","wiki":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Frederick_Fisher","last_flight":"1985-08-27T10:58:01Z","first_flight":"1985-08-27T10:58:01Z","social_media_links":[],"flights_count":1,"landings_count":1,"spacewalks_count":2},{"id":308,"url":"https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/astronauts/308/?format=json","name":"James Irwin","status":{"id":11,"name":"Deceased"},"agency":{"response_mode":"list","id":44,"url":"https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/agencies/44/?format=json","name":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration","abbrev":"NASA","type":{"id":1,"name":"Government"}},"image":{"id":844,"name":"[AUTO] James Irwin - image","image_url":"https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/james2520irwin_image_20181202091339.jpg","thumbnail_url":"https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305190927.jpeg","credit":null,"license":{"id":1,"name":"Unknown","priority":9,"link":null},"single_use":true,"variants":[]},"response_mode":"normal","type":{"id":2,"name":"Government"},"in_space":false,"time_in_space":"P7DT11H30M1S","eva_time":"PT19H14M53S","age":61,"date_of_birth":"1930-03-17","date_of_death":"1991-08-08","nationality":[{"id":2,"name":"United States of America","alpha_2_code":"US","alpha_3_code":"USA","nationality_name":"American","nationality_name_composed":"Americano"}],"bio":"James Benson \"Jim\" Irwin was an American astronaut, aeronautical engineer, test pilot, and a United States Air Force pilot. He served as lunar module pilot for Apollo 15, the fourth human lunar landing. Following his retirement from NASA, he became a prominent born-again Christian. He was the eighth person to walk on the Moon and the first, and youngest, of those astronauts to die.","wiki":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Irwin","last_flight":"1971-08-02T17:11:23Z","first_flight":"1971-07-26T13:34:00Z","social_media_links":[],"flights_count":1,"landings_count":1,"spacewalks_count":4},{"id":228,"url":"https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/astronauts/228/?format=json","name":"Dumitru Prunariu","status":{"id":2,"name":"Retired"},"agency":{"response_mode":"list","id":63,"url":"https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/agencies/63/?format=json","name":"Russian Federal Space Agency (ROSCOSMOS)","abbrev":"RFSA","type":{"id":1,"name":"Government"}},"image":{"id":686,"name":"[AUTO] Dumitru Prunariu - image","image_url":"https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/dumitru2520prunariu_image_20181201212859.jpg","thumbnail_url":"https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305190513.jpeg","credit":null,"license":{"id":1,"name":"Unknown","priority":9,"link":null},"single_use":true,"variants":[]},"response_mode":"normal","type":{"id":2,"name":"Government"},"in_space":false,"time_in_space":"P7DT20H41M52S","eva_time":"P0D","age":74,"date_of_birth":"1952-09-27","date_of_death":null,"nationality":[{"id":47,"name":"Romania","alpha_2_code":"RO","alpha_3_code":"ROU","nationality_name":"Romanian","nationality_name_composed":"Romanian"}],"bio":"Dumitru-Dorin Prunariu is a Romanian cosmonaut. He flew in space aboard Soyuz 40 spacecraft and Salyut 6 space laboratory. He was in team with another Romanian cosmonaut called Dumitru Dediu.","wiki":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dumitru_Prunariu","last_flight":"1981-05-14T17:16:38Z","first_flight":"1981-05-14T17:16:38Z","social_media_links":[],"flights_count":1,"landings_count":1,"spacewalks_count":0}]}