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He earned a bachelor’s degree in mechanical engineering from the U.S. Coast Guard Academy, a master’s degree in mechanical engineering from the University of Michigan, a master’s degree in naval architecture and marine engineering from the University of Michigan, a master’s degree in electrical and computer engineering from Johns Hopkins University, and a doctorate in systems engineering from the George Washington University. Douglas served in the U.S. Coast Guard as a naval architect, salvage engineer, damage control assistant, and officer of the deck. 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She completed her undergraduate master’s degree of Physics in 2013 which focused on physics, mathematics, computer programming and astronomy. In 2015, she received her master's degree in Astronomy, where she conducted research on gamma-ray emission from black holes.  \r\n\r\nIn 2019, Rosemary graduated with a doctorate in astronomy from the University of Sussex, UK.\r\n\r\nBetween 2013 and 2018, Rosemary spent more than one year working as a simulation support engineer and research data scientist in the UK, where she worked on software code development projects and developed machine learning techniques for anomaly detection from robotic sensors.  \r\n\r\nIn 2019, Rosemary started a postdoctoral research fellowship in astrophysics at the Max Planck Institute for Extra-terrestrial physics in Munich, Germany, to study the evolution of galaxies with astronomical data from space- and ground-based telescopes.\r\n\r\nAfter completing this postdoctoral work in 2022, Rosemary joined French space agency CNES in Paris, France, as a research fellow in space science, where she worked on upcoming ESA/CNES missions such as EUCLID or the analysis of James Webb Space Telescope observations.","wiki":null,"last_flight":null,"first_flight":null,"social_media_links":[],"flights_count":0,"landings_count":0,"spacewalks_count":0},{"id":707,"url":"https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/astronauts/707/?format=json","name":"Marcos Berríos","status":{"id":3,"name":"In-Training"},"agency":{"response_mode":"list","id":44,"url":"https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/agencies/44/?format=json","name":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration","abbrev":"NASA","type":{"id":1,"name":"Government"}},"image":{"id":241,"name":"[AUTO] Marcos Berríos - image","image_url":"https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/marcos_berr25c_image_20211206185342.jpg","thumbnail_url":"https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305185320.jpeg","credit":null,"license":{"id":1,"name":"Unknown","priority":9,"link":null},"single_use":true,"variants":[]},"response_mode":"normal","type":{"id":2,"name":"Government"},"in_space":false,"time_in_space":"P0D","eva_time":"P0D","age":42,"date_of_birth":"1984-01-01","date_of_death":null,"nationality":[{"id":2,"name":"United States of America","alpha_2_code":"US","alpha_3_code":"USA","nationality_name":"American","nationality_name_composed":"Americano"}],"bio":"Marcos Berríos is a US Air Force major who grew up in Guaynabo, Puerto Rico. While a reservist in the Air National Guard, Berríos worked as an aerospace engineer for the US Army Aviation Development Directorate at Moffett Federal Airfield in California. He is a test pilot who holds a bachelor’s degree in mechanical engineering from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and a master’s degree in mechanical engineering as well as a doctorate in aeronautics and astronautics from Stanford University. A distinguished pilot, Berríos has accumulated more than 110 combat missions and 1,300 hours of flight time in more than 21 different aircraft.\r\n\r\nExact date of birth unknown.","wiki":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marcos_Berr%C3%ADos","last_flight":null,"first_flight":null,"social_media_links":[],"flights_count":0,"landings_count":0,"spacewalks_count":0},{"id":715,"url":"https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/astronauts/715/?format=json","name":"Jessica Wittner","status":{"id":3,"name":"In-Training"},"agency":{"response_mode":"list","id":44,"url":"https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/agencies/44/?format=json","name":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration","abbrev":"NASA","type":{"id":1,"name":"Government"}},"image":{"id":622,"name":"[AUTO] Jessica Wittner - image","image_url":"https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/jessica_wittner_image_20211206185425.jpg","thumbnail_url":"https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305190332.jpeg","credit":null,"license":{"id":1,"name":"Unknown","priority":9,"link":null},"single_use":true,"variants":[]},"response_mode":"normal","type":{"id":2,"name":"Government"},"in_space":false,"time_in_space":"P0D","eva_time":"P0D","age":43,"date_of_birth":"1983-01-01","date_of_death":null,"nationality":[{"id":2,"name":"United States of America","alpha_2_code":"US","alpha_3_code":"USA","nationality_name":"American","nationality_name_composed":"Americano"}],"bio":"Jessica Wittner is a US Navy commander from California with a distinguished career serving on active duty as a naval aviator and test pilot. 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His existence in the program was kept secret until the advent of Soviet glasnost in the late 1980s. 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He also became Ingénieur Centralien as part of a double degree exchange programme with the École Centrale Paris, France, in 2009 and earned a master’s degree in fundamental physics from the University Paris-Sud Orsay, France, in 2010.\r\nFrom 2011 to 2015, he completed a Doctorate in neuroscience at the University of Liège, Belgium, where he developed mathematical models of brain function. \r\nFrom 2015 to 2017, he completed a post-doctoral research stay at the National University of Singapore, where his research aimed at defining new neuroimaging markers of neurodegenerative diseases. From 2018 to 2021, Raphaël was a senior post-doctoral research fellow with the École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Switzerland, where he developed dynamic models of brain function. 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