Modes

Levels of detail in the response - list, normal, detailed

Example - /astronauts/?mode=list

Filters

Parameters - age, age__gt, age__gte, age__lt, age__lte, agency_ids, date_of_birth, date_of_birth__gt, date_of_birth__gte, date_of_birth__lt, date_of_birth__lte, date_of_death, date_of_death__gt, date_of_death__gte, date_of_death__lt, date_of_death__lte, first_flight, first_flight__gt, first_flight__gte, first_flight__lt, first_flight__lte, flights_count, flights_count__gt, flights_count__gte, flights_count__lt, flights_count__lte, has_flown, in_space, is_human, landings_count, landings_count__gt, landings_count__gte, landings_count__lt, landings_count__lte, last_flight, last_flight__gt, last_flight__gte, last_flight__lt, last_flight__lte, nationality, status_ids, type__id

Example - /astronauts/?has_flown=true

Fields searched - agency__abbrev, agency__name, name, nationality__nationality_name

Example - /astronauts/?search=Pesquet

Ordering

Fields - age, date_of_birth, eva_time, flights_count, id, landings_count, last_flight, name, spacewalks_count, status, time_in_space

Example - /astronauts/?ordering=-time_in_space

Number of results

Use limit to control the number of objects in the response (max 100)

Example - /astronauts/?limit=2

Format

Switch to JSON output - /astronauts/?format=json

Help

Find all the FAQs and support links on the documentation homepage - lldev.thespacedevs.com/docs

GET /2.3.0/astronauts/?format=api&offset=90&ordering=date_of_birth
HTTP 200 OK
Allow: GET
Content-Type: application/json
Vary: Accept

{
    "count": 805,
    "next": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/astronauts/?format=api&limit=10&offset=100&ordering=date_of_birth",
    "previous": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/astronauts/?format=api&limit=10&offset=80&ordering=date_of_birth",
    "results": [
        {
            "id": 58,
            "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/astronauts/58/?format=api",
            "name": "Vladimir Aksyonov",
            "status": {
                "id": 2,
                "name": "Retired"
            },
            "agency": {
                "response_mode": "list",
                "id": 63,
                "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/agencies/63/?format=api",
                "name": "Russian Federal Space Agency (ROSCOSMOS)",
                "abbrev": "RFSA",
                "type": {
                    "id": 1,
                    "name": "Government"
                }
            },
            "image": {
                "id": 710,
                "name": "[AUTO] Vladimir Aksyonov - image",
                "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/vladimir2520aksyonov_image_20181128214648.jpg",
                "thumbnail_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305190600.jpeg",
                "credit": null,
                "license": {
                    "id": 1,
                    "name": "Unknown",
                    "priority": 9,
                    "link": null
                },
                "single_use": true,
                "variants": []
            },
            "response_mode": "normal",
            "type": {
                "id": 2,
                "name": "Government"
            },
            "in_space": false,
            "time_in_space": "P11DT20H11M47S",
            "eva_time": "P0D",
            "age": 90,
            "date_of_birth": "1935-02-01",
            "date_of_death": null,
            "nationality": [
                {
                    "id": 5,
                    "name": "Russia",
                    "alpha_2_code": "RU",
                    "alpha_3_code": "RUS",
                    "nationality_name": "Russian",
                    "nationality_name_composed": "Russo"
                }
            ],
            "bio": "Aksyonov was selected as cosmonaut on 3 March 1973. He was awarded the title of the Hero of the Soviet Union on two occasions. He retired on 17 October 1988.\r\n\r\nFlew as Flight Engineer on Soyuz 22 and Soyuz T-2.",
            "wiki": null,
            "last_flight": "1980-06-05T14:19:30Z",
            "first_flight": "1976-09-15T09:48:30Z",
            "social_media_links": [],
            "flights_count": 2,
            "landings_count": 2,
            "spacewalks_count": 0
        },
        {
            "id": 664,
            "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/astronauts/664/?format=api",
            "name": "Roger B. Chaffee",
            "status": {
                "id": 5,
                "name": "Lost In Training"
            },
            "agency": {
                "response_mode": "list",
                "id": 44,
                "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/agencies/44/?format=api",
                "name": "National Aeronautics and Space Administration",
                "abbrev": "NASA",
                "type": {
                    "id": 1,
                    "name": "Government"
                }
            },
            "image": {
                "id": 684,
                "name": "[AUTO] Roger B. Chaffee - image",
                "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/roger_b._chaffe_image_20210509184925.jpg",
                "thumbnail_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305190510.jpeg",
                "credit": null,
                "license": {
                    "id": 1,
                    "name": "Unknown",
                    "priority": 9,
                    "link": null
                },
                "single_use": true,
                "variants": []
            },
            "response_mode": "normal",
            "type": {
                "id": 2,
                "name": "Government"
            },
            "in_space": false,
            "time_in_space": "P0D",
            "eva_time": "P0D",
            "age": 31,
            "date_of_birth": "1935-02-15",
            "date_of_death": "1967-01-27",
            "nationality": [
                {
                    "id": 2,
                    "name": "United States of America",
                    "alpha_2_code": "US",
                    "alpha_3_code": "USA",
                    "nationality_name": "American",
                    "nationality_name_composed": "Americano"
                }
            ],
            "bio": "Roger Bruce Chaffee was an American naval officer, aviator, and aeronautical engineer who was a NASA astronaut in the Apollo program. Along with thirteen other pilots, Chaffee was selected to be an astronaut as part of NASA Astronaut Group 3 in 1963. He served as capsule communicator (CAPCOM) for the Gemini 3 and Gemini 4 missions and received his first spaceflight assignment in 1966 as the third-ranking pilot on Apollo 1. In 1967, he died in a fire along with fellow astronauts Virgil \"Gus\" Grissom and Ed White during a pre-launch test for the mission at what was then the Cape Kennedy Air Force Station Launch Complex 34, Florida. He was posthumously awarded the Congressional Space Medal of Honor and a second Air Medal.",
            "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roger_B._Chaffee",
            "last_flight": "1967-01-27T23:31:19Z",
            "first_flight": "1967-01-27T23:31:19Z",
            "social_media_links": [],
            "flights_count": 1,
            "landings_count": 1,
            "spacewalks_count": 0
        },
        {
            "id": 320,
            "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/astronauts/320/?format=api",
            "name": "Philip K. Chapman",
            "status": {
                "id": 11,
                "name": "Deceased"
            },
            "agency": {
                "response_mode": "list",
                "id": 44,
                "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/agencies/44/?format=api",
                "name": "National Aeronautics and Space Administration",
                "abbrev": "NASA",
                "type": {
                    "id": 1,
                    "name": "Government"
                }
            },
            "image": {
                "id": 598,
                "name": "[AUTO] Philip K. Chapman - image",
                "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/philip2520k.2520chapman_image_20181202092722.jpg",
                "thumbnail_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305190255.jpeg",
                "credit": null,
                "license": {
                    "id": 1,
                    "name": "Unknown",
                    "priority": 9,
                    "link": null
                },
                "single_use": true,
                "variants": []
            },
            "response_mode": "normal",
            "type": {
                "id": 2,
                "name": "Government"
            },
            "in_space": false,
            "time_in_space": "P0D",
            "eva_time": "P0D",
            "age": 86,
            "date_of_birth": "1935-03-05",
            "date_of_death": "2021-04-05",
            "nationality": [
                {
                    "id": 2,
                    "name": "United States of America",
                    "alpha_2_code": "US",
                    "alpha_3_code": "USA",
                    "nationality_name": "American",
                    "nationality_name_composed": "Americano"
                }
            ],
            "bio": "Philip Kenyon Chapman was the first Australian-born American astronaut, serving for about five years in NASA Astronaut Group 6 (1967).",
            "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip_K._Chapman",
            "last_flight": null,
            "first_flight": null,
            "social_media_links": [],
            "flights_count": 0,
            "landings_count": 0,
            "spacewalks_count": 0
        },
        {
            "id": 55,
            "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/astronauts/55/?format=api",
            "name": "Harrison Schmitt",
            "status": {
                "id": 2,
                "name": "Retired"
            },
            "agency": {
                "response_mode": "list",
                "id": 44,
                "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/agencies/44/?format=api",
                "name": "National Aeronautics and Space Administration",
                "abbrev": "NASA",
                "type": {
                    "id": 1,
                    "name": "Government"
                }
            },
            "image": {
                "id": 311,
                "name": "[AUTO] Harrison Schmitt - image",
                "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/harrison_schmit_image_20220911034212.jpeg",
                "thumbnail_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305185516.jpeg",
                "credit": null,
                "license": {
                    "id": 1,
                    "name": "Unknown",
                    "priority": 9,
                    "link": null
                },
                "single_use": true,
                "variants": []
            },
            "response_mode": "normal",
            "type": {
                "id": 2,
                "name": "Government"
            },
            "in_space": false,
            "time_in_space": "P0D",
            "eva_time": "PT23H9M41S",
            "age": 89,
            "date_of_birth": "1935-07-03",
            "date_of_death": null,
            "nationality": [
                {
                    "id": 2,
                    "name": "United States of America",
                    "alpha_2_code": "US",
                    "alpha_3_code": "USA",
                    "nationality_name": "American",
                    "nationality_name_composed": "Americano"
                }
            ],
            "bio": "Harrison Hagan \"Jack\" Schmitt is an American geologist, retired NASA astronaut, university professor, former U.S. senator from New Mexico, and the most recent living person to have walked on the Moon. As of 2018, he is also the last living crew member of Apollo 17.",
            "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harrison_Schmitt",
            "last_flight": "1972-12-14T22:54:37Z",
            "first_flight": "1972-12-07T05:33:00Z",
            "social_media_links": [],
            "flights_count": 1,
            "landings_count": 1,
            "spacewalks_count": 4
        },
        {
            "id": 248,
            "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/astronauts/248/?format=api",
            "name": "Vitaly Sevastyanov",
            "status": {
                "id": 11,
                "name": "Deceased"
            },
            "agency": {
                "response_mode": "list",
                "id": 63,
                "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/agencies/63/?format=api",
                "name": "Russian Federal Space Agency (ROSCOSMOS)",
                "abbrev": "RFSA",
                "type": {
                    "id": 1,
                    "name": "Government"
                }
            },
            "image": {
                "id": 744,
                "name": "[AUTO] Vitaly Sevastyanov - image",
                "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/vitaly2520sevastyanov_image_20181201220129.jpg",
                "thumbnail_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305190653.jpeg",
                "credit": null,
                "license": {
                    "id": 1,
                    "name": "Unknown",
                    "priority": 9,
                    "link": null
                },
                "single_use": true,
                "variants": []
            },
            "response_mode": "normal",
            "type": {
                "id": 2,
                "name": "Government"
            },
            "in_space": false,
            "time_in_space": "P80DT16H19M3S",
            "eva_time": "P0D",
            "age": 74,
            "date_of_birth": "1935-07-08",
            "date_of_death": "2010-04-05",
            "nationality": [
                {
                    "id": 5,
                    "name": "Russia",
                    "alpha_2_code": "RU",
                    "alpha_3_code": "RUS",
                    "nationality_name": "Russian",
                    "nationality_name_composed": "Russo"
                }
            ],
            "bio": "Vitaly Ivanovich Sevastyanov (Russian: Вита́лий Ива́нович Севастья́нов; 8 July 1935 – 5 April 2010) was a Soviet cosmonaut and an engineer who flew on the Soyuz 9 and Soyuz 18 missions.",
            "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitaly_Sevastyanov",
            "last_flight": "1975-05-24T14:58:10Z",
            "first_flight": "1970-06-01T19:00:00Z",
            "social_media_links": [],
            "flights_count": 2,
            "landings_count": 2,
            "spacewalks_count": 0
        },
        {
            "id": 253,
            "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/astronauts/253/?format=api",
            "name": "Georgy Shonin",
            "status": {
                "id": 11,
                "name": "Deceased"
            },
            "agency": {
                "response_mode": "list",
                "id": 63,
                "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/agencies/63/?format=api",
                "name": "Russian Federal Space Agency (ROSCOSMOS)",
                "abbrev": "RFSA",
                "type": {
                    "id": 1,
                    "name": "Government"
                }
            },
            "image": {
                "id": 713,
                "name": "[AUTO] Georgy Shonin - image",
                "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/georgy2520shonin_image_20181201220913.jpg",
                "thumbnail_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305190605.jpeg",
                "credit": null,
                "license": {
                    "id": 1,
                    "name": "Unknown",
                    "priority": 9,
                    "link": null
                },
                "single_use": true,
                "variants": []
            },
            "response_mode": "normal",
            "type": {
                "id": 2,
                "name": "Government"
            },
            "in_space": false,
            "time_in_space": "P4DT22H42M47S",
            "eva_time": "P0D",
            "age": 61,
            "date_of_birth": "1935-08-03",
            "date_of_death": "1997-04-07",
            "nationality": [
                {
                    "id": 12,
                    "name": "Ukraine",
                    "alpha_2_code": "UA",
                    "alpha_3_code": "UKR",
                    "nationality_name": "Ukrainian",
                    "nationality_name_composed": "Ukro"
                }
            ],
            "bio": "Georgy Stepanovich Shonin (Ukrainian: Гео́ргій Степа́нович Шо́нін) (August 3, 1935 – April 7, 1997; born in Rovenky, Luhansk Oblast, (now Ukraine) but grew up in Balta of Ukrainian SSR) was a Soviet cosmonaut, who flew on the Soyuz 6 space mission.\r\n\r\nShonin was part of the original group of cosmonauts selected in 1960. He left the space programme in 1979 for medical reasons.",
            "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Georgy_Shonin",
            "last_flight": "1969-10-11T11:10:00Z",
            "first_flight": "1969-10-11T11:10:00Z",
            "social_media_links": [],
            "flights_count": 1,
            "landings_count": 1,
            "spacewalks_count": 0
        },
        {
            "id": 324,
            "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/astronauts/324/?format=api",
            "name": "Story Musgrave",
            "status": {
                "id": 2,
                "name": "Retired"
            },
            "agency": {
                "response_mode": "list",
                "id": 44,
                "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/agencies/44/?format=api",
                "name": "National Aeronautics and Space Administration",
                "abbrev": "NASA",
                "type": {
                    "id": 1,
                    "name": "Government"
                }
            },
            "image": {
                "id": 645,
                "name": "[AUTO] Story Musgrave - image",
                "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/story2520musgrave_image_20181202093148.jpg",
                "thumbnail_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305190410.jpeg",
                "credit": null,
                "license": {
                    "id": 1,
                    "name": "Unknown",
                    "priority": 9,
                    "link": null
                },
                "single_use": true,
                "variants": []
            },
            "response_mode": "normal",
            "type": {
                "id": 2,
                "name": "Government"
            },
            "in_space": false,
            "time_in_space": "P54DT9H55M43S",
            "eva_time": "P1DT2H12M",
            "age": 89,
            "date_of_birth": "1935-08-19",
            "date_of_death": null,
            "nationality": [
                {
                    "id": 2,
                    "name": "United States of America",
                    "alpha_2_code": "US",
                    "alpha_3_code": "USA",
                    "nationality_name": "American",
                    "nationality_name_composed": "Americano"
                }
            ],
            "bio": "Franklin Story Musgrave, M.D. is an American physician and a retired NASA astronaut. He is a public speaker[2] and consultant to both Disney's Imagineering group and Applied Minds in California. In 1996 he became only the second astronaut to fly on six spaceflights, and he is the most formally educated astronaut with six academic degrees.",
            "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Story_Musgrave",
            "last_flight": "1996-11-19T19:55:47Z",
            "first_flight": "1983-04-04T18:30:00Z",
            "social_media_links": [],
            "flights_count": 6,
            "landings_count": 6,
            "spacewalks_count": 4
        },
        {
            "id": 266,
            "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/astronauts/266/?format=api",
            "name": "Gherman Titov",
            "status": {
                "id": 11,
                "name": "Deceased"
            },
            "agency": {
                "response_mode": "list",
                "id": 63,
                "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/agencies/63/?format=api",
                "name": "Russian Federal Space Agency (ROSCOSMOS)",
                "abbrev": "RFSA",
                "type": {
                    "id": 1,
                    "name": "Government"
                }
            },
            "image": {
                "id": 537,
                "name": "[AUTO] Gherman Titov - image",
                "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/gherman2520titov_image_20181201222559.jpg",
                "thumbnail_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305190117.jpeg",
                "credit": null,
                "license": {
                    "id": 1,
                    "name": "Unknown",
                    "priority": 9,
                    "link": null
                },
                "single_use": true,
                "variants": []
            },
            "response_mode": "normal",
            "type": {
                "id": 2,
                "name": "Government"
            },
            "in_space": false,
            "time_in_space": "P1DT1H18M",
            "eva_time": "P0D",
            "age": 65,
            "date_of_birth": "1935-09-11",
            "date_of_death": "2000-09-20",
            "nationality": [
                {
                    "id": 5,
                    "name": "Russia",
                    "alpha_2_code": "RU",
                    "alpha_3_code": "RUS",
                    "nationality_name": "Russian",
                    "nationality_name_composed": "Russo"
                }
            ],
            "bio": "Gherman Stepanovich Titov (Russian: Герман Степанович Титов; 11 September 1935 – 20 September 2000) was a Soviet cosmonaut who, on 6 August 1961, became the second human to orbit the Earth, aboard Vostok 2, preceded by Yuri Gagarin on Vostok 1. He was the fourth person in space, counting suborbital voyages of US astronauts Alan Shepard and Gus Grissom.",
            "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gherman_Titov",
            "last_flight": "1961-08-06T06:00:00Z",
            "first_flight": "1961-08-06T06:00:00Z",
            "social_media_links": [],
            "flights_count": 1,
            "landings_count": 1,
            "spacewalks_count": 0
        },
        {
            "id": 304,
            "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/astronauts/304/?format=api",
            "name": "Charles Duke",
            "status": {
                "id": 2,
                "name": "Retired"
            },
            "agency": {
                "response_mode": "list",
                "id": 44,
                "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/agencies/44/?format=api",
                "name": "National Aeronautics and Space Administration",
                "abbrev": "NASA",
                "type": {
                    "id": 1,
                    "name": "Government"
                }
            },
            "image": {
                "id": 455,
                "name": "[AUTO] Charles Duke - image",
                "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/charles_duke_image_20220911033709.jpeg",
                "thumbnail_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305185910.jpeg",
                "credit": null,
                "license": {
                    "id": 1,
                    "name": "Unknown",
                    "priority": 9,
                    "link": null
                },
                "single_use": true,
                "variants": []
            },
            "response_mode": "normal",
            "type": {
                "id": 2,
                "name": "Government"
            },
            "in_space": false,
            "time_in_space": "P8DT3H12S",
            "eva_time": "PT21H38M6S",
            "age": 89,
            "date_of_birth": "1935-10-03",
            "date_of_death": null,
            "nationality": [
                {
                    "id": 2,
                    "name": "United States of America",
                    "alpha_2_code": "US",
                    "alpha_3_code": "USA",
                    "nationality_name": "American",
                    "nationality_name_composed": "Americano"
                }
            ],
            "bio": "Charles Moss \"Charlie\" Duke Jr. is an American former astronaut, retired U.S. Air Force officer and test pilot. As Lunar Module Pilot for Apollo 16 in 1972, he became the tenth and youngest person to walk on the Moon.\r\n\r\nDuke has logged 4,147 hours flying time, which includes 3,632 hours in jet aircraft; and 265 hours in space, plus 20 hours and 15 minutes of extravehicular activity.\r\n\r\nA resident of New Braunfels, Texas, he is currently chairman of the board of directors of the Astronaut Scholarship Foundation.",
            "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Duke",
            "last_flight": "1972-04-24T01:25:47Z",
            "first_flight": "1972-04-16T17:54:00Z",
            "social_media_links": [],
            "flights_count": 1,
            "landings_count": 1,
            "spacewalks_count": 4
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            "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/astronauts/47/?format=api",
            "name": "Rusty Schweickart",
            "status": {
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                "name": "Retired"
            },
            "agency": {
                "response_mode": "list",
                "id": 44,
                "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/agencies/44/?format=api",
                "name": "National Aeronautics and Space Administration",
                "abbrev": "NASA",
                "type": {
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                    "name": "Government"
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            "image": {
                "id": 628,
                "name": "[AUTO] Rusty Schweickart - image",
                "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/rusty2520schweickart_image_20181128145913.jpg",
                "thumbnail_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305190342.jpeg",
                "credit": null,
                "license": {
                    "id": 1,
                    "name": "Unknown",
                    "priority": 9,
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            "type": {
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                "name": "Government"
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            "in_space": false,
            "time_in_space": "P10DT1H",
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            "age": 89,
            "date_of_birth": "1935-10-25",
            "date_of_death": null,
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                    "nationality_name": "American",
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            "bio": "Russell Louis \"Rusty\" Schweickart is an American aeronautical engineer, and a former NASA astronaut, research scientist, U.S. Air Force fighter pilot, as well as a former business executive and government executive.\r\n\r\nSelected in 1963 for NASA's third astronaut group, he is best known as the Lunar Module Pilot on the 1969 Apollo 9 mission, the first manned flight test of the Lunar Module, on which he performed the first in-space test of the Portable Life Support System used by the Apollo astronauts who walked on the Moon. As backup Commander of the first manned Skylab mission in 1973, he was responsible for developing the hardware and procedures used by the first crew to perform critical in-flight repairs of the Skylab station. After Skylab, he served for a time as Director of User Affairs in NASA's Office of Applications.\r\n\r\nSchweickart left NASA in 1977 to serve for two years as California Governor Jerry Brown's assistant for science and technology, then was appointed by Brown to California's Energy Commission for five and a half years, serving as chairman for three.\r\n\r\nIn 1984–85 he co-founded the Association of Space Explorers and later in 2002 co-founded the B612 Foundation, a non-profit organization dedicated to defending Earth from asteroid impacts, along with fellow former astronaut Ed Lu and two planetary scientists. He served for a period as its chair before becoming its chair emeritus.",
            "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rusty_Schweickart",
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            "first_flight": "1969-03-03T16:00:00Z",
            "social_media_links": [],
            "flights_count": 1,
            "landings_count": 1,
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}