Astronaut List
Modes
Levels of detail in the response - list
, normal
, detailed
Example - /astronauts/?mode=list
Filters
Parameters - age
, age__gt
, age__gte
, age__lt
, age__lte
, agency_ids
, date_of_birth
, date_of_birth__gt
, date_of_birth__gte
, date_of_birth__lt
, date_of_birth__lte
, date_of_death
, date_of_death__gt
, date_of_death__gte
, date_of_death__lt
, date_of_death__lte
, first_flight
, first_flight__gt
, first_flight__gte
, first_flight__lt
, first_flight__lte
, flights_count
, flights_count__gt
, flights_count__gte
, flights_count__lt
, flights_count__lte
, has_flown
, in_space
, is_human
, landings_count
, landings_count__gt
, landings_count__gte
, landings_count__lt
, landings_count__lte
, last_flight
, last_flight__gt
, last_flight__gte
, last_flight__lt
, last_flight__lte
, nationality
, status_ids
, type__id
Example - /astronauts/?has_flown=true
Search
Fields searched - agency__abbrev
, agency__name
, name
, nationality__nationality_name
Example - /astronauts/?search=Pesquet
Ordering
Fields - age
, date_of_birth
, eva_time
, flights_count
, id
, landings_count
, last_flight
, name
, spacewalks_count
, status
, time_in_space
Example - /astronauts/?ordering=-time_in_space
Number of results
Use limit
to control the number of objects in the response (max 100)
Example - /astronauts/?limit=2
Format
Switch to JSON output - /astronauts/?format=json
Help
Find all the FAQs and support links on the documentation homepage - lldev.thespacedevs.com/docs
GET /2.3.0/astronauts/?format=api&offset=720&ordering=landings_count
https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/astronauts/?format=api&limit=10&offset=730&ordering=landings_count", "previous": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/astronauts/?format=api&limit=10&offset=710&ordering=landings_count", "results": [ { "id": 488, "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/astronauts/488/?format=api", "name": "Mark Kelly", "status": { "id": 2, "name": "Retired" }, "agency": { "response_mode": "list", "id": 44, "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/agencies/44/?format=api", "name": "National Aeronautics and Space Administration", "abbrev": "NASA", "type": { "id": 1, "name": "Government" } }, "image": { "id": 617, "name": "[AUTO] Mark Kelly - image", "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/mark_kelly_image_20220911033551.jpeg", "thumbnail_url": "https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305190324.jpeg", "credit": null, "license": { "id": 1, "name": "Unknown", "priority": 9, "link": null }, "single_use": true, "variants": [] }, "response_mode": "normal", "type": { "id": 2, "name": "Government" }, "in_space": false, "time_in_space": "P54DT2H3M57S", "eva_time": "P0D", "age": 61, "date_of_birth": "1964-02-21", "date_of_death": null, "nationality": [ { "id": 2, "name": "United States of America", "alpha_2_code": "US", "alpha_3_code": "USA", "nationality_name": "American", "nationality_name_composed": "Americano" } ], "bio": "Mark Edward Kelly is a retired American astronaut, engineer, and retired U.S. Navy Captain. He is the husband of former Congresswoman Gabrielle Giffords, and is an author, political activist, and aerospace executive and consultant.\r\n\r\nA naval aviator, Kelly flew combat missions during the Gulf War. He was selected to become a NASA Space Shuttle pilot in 1996 and flew his first mission in 2001 as pilot of STS-108. He piloted STS-121 in 2006 and commanded STS-124 in 2008 and STS-134 in 2011. STS-134 was his final mission and the final mission of Space Shuttle Endeavour.\r\n\r\nHis wife was the target of an attempted assassination in Tucson, Arizona, on January 8, 2011. After the shooting, in which six people were killed, both Kelly and Giffords were thrust into the media spotlight. His wife's shooting led to a broad national conversation ranging from the duties of a husband to what is acceptable civil discourse.\r\n\r\nKelly's identical twin brother, Scott Kelly, is also an astronaut. The Kelly brothers are the only known siblings to have both traveled in space. In 2015, Scott Kelly began a mission spending a year in space on the International Space Station. He returned to Earth on March 1, 2016, after 340 days in space. During and after Scott's year-long mission, the brothers were studied to find physical differences caused by living in space versus a baseline on Earth.", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mark_Kelly", "last_flight": "2011-05-16T12:56:28Z", "first_flight": "2001-12-05T22:19:28Z", "social_media_links": [ { "id": 48, "social_media": { "id": 1, "name": "X", "url": "https://x.com", "logo": { "id": 2320, "name": "X logo", "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/x_logo_image_20250211191027.jpg", "thumbnail_url": "https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/x_logo_image_thumbnail_20250211191027.jpeg", "credit": "X", "license": { "id": 1, "name": "Unknown", "priority": 9, "link": null }, "single_use": true, "variants": [] } }, "url": "https://twitter.com/ShuttleCDRKelly" }, { "id": 49, "social_media": { "id": 2, "name": "Instagram", "url": "https://instagram.com", "logo": { "id": 2322, "name": "Instagram logo", "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/instagram_logo_image_20250211191139.png", "thumbnail_url": "https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/instagram_logo_image_thumbnail_20250211191139.png", "credit": "Instagram", "license": { "id": 1, "name": "Unknown", "priority": 9, "link": null }, "single_use": true, "variants": [] } }, "url": "https://www.instagram.com/shuttlecdrkelly/" } ], "flights_count": 4, "landings_count": 4, "spacewalks_count": 0 }, { "id": 437, "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/astronauts/437/?format=api", "name": "Donald A. Thomas", "status": { "id": 2, "name": "Retired" }, "agency": { "response_mode": "list", "id": 44, "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/agencies/44/?format=api", "name": "National Aeronautics and Space Administration", "abbrev": "NASA", "type": { "id": 1, "name": "Government" } }, "image": { "id": 853, "name": "[AUTO] Donald A. Thomas - image", "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/donald2520a.2520thomas_image_20181202143454.jpg", "thumbnail_url": "https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305190941.jpeg", "credit": null, "license": { "id": 1, "name": "Unknown", "priority": 9, "link": null }, "single_use": true, "variants": [] }, "response_mode": "normal", "type": { "id": 2, "name": "Government" }, "in_space": false, "time_in_space": "P43DT8H12M30S", "eva_time": "P0D", "age": 70, "date_of_birth": "1955-05-06", "date_of_death": null, "nationality": [ { "id": 2, "name": "United States of America", "alpha_2_code": "US", "alpha_3_code": "USA", "nationality_name": "American", "nationality_name_composed": "Americano" } ], "bio": "Donald Alan Thomas, Ph.D. is an American engineer and a former NASA astronaut.", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Donald_A._Thomas", "last_flight": "1997-07-01T18:02:02Z", "first_flight": "1994-07-08T16:43:01Z", "social_media_links": [], "flights_count": 4, "landings_count": 4, "spacewalks_count": 0 }, { "id": 427, "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/astronauts/427/?format=api", "name": "Terrence W. Wilcutt", "status": { "id": 2, "name": "Retired" }, "agency": { "response_mode": "list", "id": 44, "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/agencies/44/?format=api", "name": "National Aeronautics and Space Administration", "abbrev": "NASA", "type": { "id": 1, "name": "Government" } }, "image": { "id": 852, "name": "[AUTO] Terrence W. Wilcutt - image", "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/terrence2520w.2520wilcutt_image_20181202142456.jpg", "thumbnail_url": "https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305190940.jpeg", "credit": null, "license": { "id": 1, "name": "Unknown", "priority": 9, "link": null }, "single_use": true, "variants": [] }, "response_mode": "normal", "type": { "id": 2, "name": "Government" }, "in_space": false, "time_in_space": "P42DT2M8S", "eva_time": "P0D", "age": 75, "date_of_birth": "1949-10-31", "date_of_death": null, "nationality": [ { "id": 2, "name": "United States of America", "alpha_2_code": "US", "alpha_3_code": "USA", "nationality_name": "American", "nationality_name_composed": "Americano" } ], "bio": "Terrence Wade Wilcutt is a United States Marine Corps officer and a NASA astronaut. He is a veteran of four Space Shuttle missions. Wilcutt is currently the Director of Safety and Mission Assurance, Johnson Space Center.", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terrence_W._Wilcutt", "last_flight": "2000-09-08T12:45:47Z", "first_flight": "1994-09-30T11:16:01Z", "social_media_links": [], "flights_count": 4, "landings_count": 4, "spacewalks_count": 0 }, { "id": 126, "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/astronauts/126/?format=api", "name": "Gregory Harbaugh", "status": { "id": 2, "name": "Retired" }, "agency": { "response_mode": "list", "id": 44, "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/agencies/44/?format=api", "name": "National Aeronautics and Space Administration", "abbrev": "NASA", "type": { "id": 1, "name": "Government" } }, "image": { "id": 673, "name": "[AUTO] Gregory Harbaugh - image", "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/gregory2520harbaugh_image_20181129203134.jpg", "thumbnail_url": "https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305190453.jpeg", "credit": null, "license": { "id": 1, "name": "Unknown", "priority": 9, "link": null }, "single_use": true, "variants": [] }, "response_mode": "normal", "type": { "id": 2, "name": "Government" }, "in_space": false, "time_in_space": "P34DT1H58M40S", "eva_time": "PT18H29M", "age": 69, "date_of_birth": "1956-04-15", "date_of_death": null, "nationality": [ { "id": 2, "name": "United States of America", "alpha_2_code": "US", "alpha_3_code": "USA", "nationality_name": "American", "nationality_name_composed": "Americano" } ], "bio": "Gregory Jordan Harbaugh is a former NASA astronaut that spent 34 days in space through four Space Shuttle missions including the first . docking missions with the Russian Space Station Mir and the second Hubble Space Telescope servicing mission.", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gregory_J._Harbaugh", "last_flight": "1997-02-11T08:55:17Z", "first_flight": "1991-04-28T11:33:14Z", "social_media_links": [], "flights_count": 4, "landings_count": 4, "spacewalks_count": 3 }, { "id": 31, "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/astronauts/31/?format=api", "name": "Thomas P. Stafford", "status": { "id": 11, "name": "Deceased" }, "agency": { "response_mode": "list", "id": 44, "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/agencies/44/?format=api", "name": "National Aeronautics and Space Administration", "abbrev": "NASA", "type": { "id": 1, "name": "Government" } }, "image": { "id": 947, "name": "[AUTO] Thomas P. Stafford - image", "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/thomas_p._staff_image_20220911033654.jpeg", "thumbnail_url": "https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305191213.jpeg", "credit": null, "license": { "id": 1, "name": "Unknown", "priority": 9, "link": null }, "single_use": true, "variants": [] }, "response_mode": "normal", "type": { "id": 2, "name": "Government" }, "in_space": false, "time_in_space": "P21DT3H42M51S", "eva_time": "P0D", "age": 93, "date_of_birth": "1930-09-17", "date_of_death": "2024-03-18", "nationality": [ { "id": 2, "name": "United States of America", "alpha_2_code": "US", "alpha_3_code": "USA", "nationality_name": "American", "nationality_name_composed": "Americano" } ], "bio": "Thomas Patten Stafford was an American Air Force officer, test pilot, and NASA astronaut.", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_P._Stafford", "last_flight": "1975-07-15T19:50:00Z", "first_flight": "1965-12-15T13:37:26Z", "social_media_links": [], "flights_count": 4, "landings_count": 4, "spacewalks_count": 0 }, { "id": 440, "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/astronauts/440/?format=api", "name": "David Wolf", "status": { "id": 2, "name": "Retired" }, "agency": { "response_mode": "list", "id": 44, "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/agencies/44/?format=api", "name": "National Aeronautics and Space Administration", "abbrev": "NASA", "type": { "id": 1, "name": "Government" } }, "image": { "id": 266, "name": "[AUTO] David Wolf - image", "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/david_wolf_image_20220911034349.jpeg", "thumbnail_url": "https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305185400.jpeg", "credit": null, "license": { "id": 1, "name": "Unknown", "priority": 9, "link": null }, "single_use": true, "variants": [] }, "response_mode": "normal", "type": { "id": 2, "name": "Government" }, "in_space": false, "time_in_space": "P168DT8H56M30S", "eva_time": "P1DT17H57M", "age": 69, "date_of_birth": "1956-08-23", "date_of_death": null, "nationality": [ { "id": 2, "name": "United States of America", "alpha_2_code": "US", "alpha_3_code": "USA", "nationality_name": "American", "nationality_name_composed": "Americano" } ], "bio": "David Alexander Wolf is an American astronaut, medical doctor and electrical engineer. Wolf has been to space four times. Three of his spaceflights were short-duration Space Shuttle missions, the first of which was STS-58 in 1993, and his most recent spaceflight was STS-127 in 2009. Wolf also took part in a long-duration mission aboard the Russian space station Mir which lasted 128 days, and occurred during Mir EO-24. He was brought to Mir aboard STS-86 in September 1997, and landed aboard STS-89 in January 1998. In total Wolf has logged more than 4,040 hours in space. He is also a veteran of 7 spacewalks totaling 41hrs 17min in both Russian and American spacesuits.", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Wolf_(astronaut)", "last_flight": "2009-07-15T22:03:10Z", "first_flight": "1993-10-18T14:53:10Z", "social_media_links": [], "flights_count": 4, "landings_count": 4, "spacewalks_count": 7 }, { "id": 367, "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/astronauts/367/?format=api", "name": "Ronald J. Grabe", "status": { "id": 2, "name": "Retired" }, "agency": { "response_mode": "list", "id": 44, "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/agencies/44/?format=api", "name": "National Aeronautics and Space Administration", "abbrev": "NASA", "type": { "id": 1, "name": "Government" } }, "image": { "id": 561, "name": "[AUTO] Ronald J. Grabe - image", "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/ronald2520j.2520grabe_image_20181202120203.jpg", "thumbnail_url": "https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305190158.jpeg", "credit": null, "license": { "id": 1, "name": "Unknown", "priority": 9, "link": null }, "single_use": true, "variants": [] }, "response_mode": "normal", "type": { "id": 2, "name": "Government" }, "in_space": false, "time_in_space": "P26DT3H54M36S", "eva_time": "P0D", "age": 80, "date_of_birth": "1945-06-13", "date_of_death": null, "nationality": [ { "id": 2, "name": "United States of America", "alpha_2_code": "US", "alpha_3_code": "USA", "nationality_name": "American", "nationality_name_composed": "Americano" } ], "bio": "Ronald John Grabe is a former NASA astronaut.\r\n\r\nHe has earned the Air Force Distinguished Flying Cross, the Air Medal with 7 Oak Leaf Clusters, the Air Force Meritorious Service Medal, the Liethen-Tittle Award (for Outstanding Student at the USAF Test Pilot School), the Royal Air Force Cross, the NASA Exceptional Service Medal, and NASA Space Flight Medals.", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ronald_J._Grabe", "last_flight": "1993-06-21T13:07:22Z", "first_flight": "1985-10-03T15:15:30Z", "social_media_links": [], "flights_count": 4, "landings_count": 4, "spacewalks_count": 0 }, { "id": 429, "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/astronauts/429/?format=api", "name": "Leroy Chiao", "status": { "id": 2, "name": "Retired" }, "agency": { "response_mode": "list", "id": 44, "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/agencies/44/?format=api", "name": "National Aeronautics and Space Administration", "abbrev": "NASA", "type": { "id": 1, "name": "Government" } }, "image": { "id": 265, "name": "[AUTO] Leroy Chiao - image", "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/leroy_chiao_image_20220911034040.jpeg", "thumbnail_url": "https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305185358.jpeg", "credit": null, "license": { "id": 1, "name": "Unknown", "priority": 9, "link": null }, "single_use": true, "variants": [] }, "response_mode": "normal", "type": { "id": 2, "name": "Government" }, "in_space": false, "time_in_space": "P229DT8H39M14S", "eva_time": "P1DT12H8M", "age": 65, "date_of_birth": "1960-08-28", "date_of_death": null, "nationality": [ { "id": 2, "name": "United States of America", "alpha_2_code": "US", "alpha_3_code": "USA", "nationality_name": "American", "nationality_name_composed": "Americano" } ], "bio": "Leroy Chiao is a Chinese-American engineer, former NASA astronaut, entrepreneur, motivational speaker, and engineering consultant. Chiao flew on three Space Shuttle flights, and was the commander of Expedition 10, where he lived on board the International Space Station from October 13, 2004 to April 24, 2005. He is also a co-author and researcher for the Advanced Diagnostic Ultrasound in Microgravity project.", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leroy_Chiao", "last_flight": "2004-10-14T03:06:26Z", "first_flight": "1994-07-08T16:43:01Z", "social_media_links": [ { "id": 119, "social_media": { "id": 1, "name": "X", "url": "https://x.com", "logo": { "id": 2320, "name": "X logo", "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/x_logo_image_20250211191027.jpg", "thumbnail_url": "https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/x_logo_image_thumbnail_20250211191027.jpeg", "credit": "X", "license": { "id": 1, "name": "Unknown", "priority": 9, "link": null }, "single_use": true, "variants": [] } }, "url": "https://twitter.com/AstroDude" } ], "flights_count": 4, "landings_count": 4, "spacewalks_count": 6 }, { "id": 34, "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/astronauts/34/?format=api", "name": "Jim Lovell", "status": { "id": 11, "name": "Deceased" }, "agency": { "response_mode": "list", "id": 44, "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/agencies/44/?format=api", "name": "National Aeronautics and Space Administration", "abbrev": "NASA", "type": { "id": 1, "name": "Government" } }, "image": { "id": 847, "name": "[AUTO] Jim Lovell - image", "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/jim2520lovell_image_20181128143638.jpg", "thumbnail_url": "https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305190932.jpeg", "credit": null, "license": { "id": 1, "name": "Unknown", "priority": 9, "link": null }, "single_use": true, "variants": [] }, "response_mode": "normal", "type": { "id": 2, "name": "Government" }, "in_space": false, "time_in_space": "P29DT19H3M21S", "eva_time": "P0D", "age": 97, "date_of_birth": "1928-03-25", "date_of_death": "2025-08-07", "nationality": [ { "id": 2, "name": "United States of America", "alpha_2_code": "US", "alpha_3_code": "USA", "nationality_name": "American", "nationality_name_composed": "Americano" } ], "bio": "James Arthur Lovell Jr. is a former NASA astronaut, Naval Aviator, and retired Navy captain. Lovell is known for being the commander of the ill-fated Apollo 13 mission, which suffered a critical failure en route to the Moon but was brought back safely to Earth through the efforts of the crew and mission control. In addition to being part of the Apollo 13 crew, Lovell was the command module pilot of Apollo 8, the first Apollo mission to enter lunar orbit.", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jim_Lovell", "last_flight": "1970-04-11T19:13:03Z", "first_flight": "1965-12-04T19:30:03Z", "social_media_links": [], "flights_count": 4, "landings_count": 4, "spacewalks_count": 0 }, { "id": 212, "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/astronauts/212/?format=api", "name": "Oleg Novitskiy", "status": { "id": 1, "name": "Active" }, "agency": { "response_mode": "list", "id": 63, "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/agencies/63/?format=api", "name": "Russian Federal Space Agency (ROSCOSMOS)", "abbrev": "RFSA", "type": { "id": 1, "name": "Government" } }, "image": { "id": 449, "name": "[AUTO] Oleg Novitskiy - image", "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/oleg2520novitskiy_image_20181201183707.jpg", "thumbnail_url": "https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305185900.jpeg", "credit": null, "license": { "id": 1, "name": "Unknown", "priority": 9, "link": null }, "single_use": true, "variants": [] }, "response_mode": "normal", "type": { "id": 2, "name": "Government" }, "in_space": false, "time_in_space": "P545DT1H43M29S", "eva_time": "PT22H38M", "age": 53, "date_of_birth": "1971-10-12", "date_of_death": null, "nationality": [ { "id": 5, "name": "Russia", "alpha_2_code": "RU", "alpha_3_code": "RUS", "nationality_name": "Russian", "nationality_name_composed": "Russo" } ], "bio": "Oleg Viktorovich Novitskiy, lieutenant colonel in the Russian Air Force, is a Russian cosmonaut.\r\n\r\nNovitskiy was selected as a cosmonaut in 2006.Between February 2007 to July 2009 he completed basic spaceflight training and passed state exams with excellent grades. On August 1, 2009, he was qualified as a test-cosmonaut by the Interdepartmental Qualification Board, and between August 2009 to March 2010 he took the ISS advanced training course.", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oleg_Novitskiy", "last_flight": "2024-03-23T12:36:10Z", "first_flight": "2012-10-23T10:51:11Z", "social_media_links": [], "flights_count": 4, "landings_count": 4, "spacewalks_count": 3 } ] }{ "count": 824, "next": "