Astronaut List
Modes
Levels of detail in the response - list, normal, detailed
Example - /astronauts/?mode=list
Filters
Parameters - age, age__gt, age__gte, age__lt, age__lte, agency_ids, date_of_birth, date_of_birth__gt, date_of_birth__gte, date_of_birth__lt, date_of_birth__lte, date_of_death, date_of_death__gt, date_of_death__gte, date_of_death__lt, date_of_death__lte, first_flight, first_flight__gt, first_flight__gte, first_flight__lt, first_flight__lte, flights_count, flights_count__gt, flights_count__gte, flights_count__lt, flights_count__lte, has_flown, in_space, is_human, landings_count, landings_count__gt, landings_count__gte, landings_count__lt, landings_count__lte, last_flight, last_flight__gt, last_flight__gte, last_flight__lt, last_flight__lte, nationality, status_ids, type__id
Example - /astronauts/?has_flown=true
Search
Fields searched - agency__abbrev, agency__name, name, nationality__nationality_name
Example - /astronauts/?search=Pesquet
Ordering
Fields - age, date_of_birth, eva_time, flights_count, id, landings_count, last_flight, name, spacewalks_count, status, time_in_space
Example - /astronauts/?ordering=-time_in_space
Number of results
Use limit to control the number of objects in the response (max 100)
Example - /astronauts/?limit=2
Format
Switch to JSON output - /astronauts/?format=json
Help
Find all the FAQs and support links on the documentation homepage - lldev.thespacedevs.com/docs
GET /2.3.0/astronauts/?format=api&offset=590&ordering=spacewalks_count
{ "count": 824, "next": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/astronauts/?format=api&limit=10&offset=600&ordering=spacewalks_count", "previous": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/astronauts/?format=api&limit=10&offset=580&ordering=spacewalks_count", "results": [ { "id": 216, "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/astronauts/216/?format=api", "name": "Aleksey Ovchinin", "status": { "id": 1, "name": "Active" }, "agency": { "response_mode": "list", "id": 63, "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/agencies/63/?format=api", "name": "Russian Federal Space Agency (ROSCOSMOS)", "abbrev": "RFSA", "type": { "id": 1, "name": "Government" } }, "image": { "id": 717, "name": "[AUTO] Aleksey Ovchinin - image", "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/aleksey2520ovchinin_image_20181201184641.jpg", "thumbnail_url": "https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305190611.jpeg", "credit": null, "license": { "id": 1, "name": "Unknown", "priority": 9, "link": null }, "single_use": true, "variants": [] }, "response_mode": "normal", "type": { "id": 2, "name": "Government" }, "in_space": false, "time_in_space": "P595DT4H47M18S", "eva_time": "PT6H1M", "age": 53, "date_of_birth": "1971-09-28", "date_of_death": null, "nationality": [ { "id": 5, "name": "Russia", "alpha_2_code": "RU", "alpha_3_code": "RUS", "nationality_name": "Russian", "nationality_name_composed": "Russo" } ], "bio": "Aleksey Nikolayevich Ovchinin born 28 September 1971 in Rybinsk, Yaroslavl Oblast, Russian SFSR is a Russian Air Force Major and cosmonaut, who was selected in 2006. Ovchinin made his first spaceflight in 2016, and was assigned as Commander of Soyuz MS-10 in 2018.", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aleksey_Ovchinin", "last_flight": "2024-09-11T16:23:12Z", "first_flight": "2016-03-18T21:26:42Z", "social_media_links": [], "flights_count": 4, "landings_count": 4, "spacewalks_count": 1 }, { "id": 295, "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/astronauts/295/?format=api", "name": "Sergei Zalyotin", "status": { "id": 2, "name": "Retired" }, "agency": { "response_mode": "list", "id": 63, "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/agencies/63/?format=api", "name": "Russian Federal Space Agency (ROSCOSMOS)", "abbrev": "RFSA", "type": { "id": 1, "name": "Government" } }, "image": { "id": 199, "name": "[AUTO] Sergei Zalyotin - image", "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/sergei2520zalyotin_image_20181201232209.jpg", "thumbnail_url": "https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305185207.jpeg", "credit": null, "license": { "id": 1, "name": "Unknown", "priority": 9, "link": null }, "single_use": true, "variants": [] }, "response_mode": "normal", "type": { "id": 2, "name": "Government" }, "in_space": false, "time_in_space": "P83DT16H35M40S", "eva_time": "PT4H52M", "age": 63, "date_of_birth": "1962-04-21", "date_of_death": null, "nationality": [ { "id": 5, "name": "Russia", "alpha_2_code": "RU", "alpha_3_code": "RUS", "nationality_name": "Russian", "nationality_name_composed": "Russo" } ], "bio": "Sergei Viktorovich Zalyotin is a Russian cosmonaut and a veteran of two space missions.\r\n\r\nZalyotin was born in Tula and attended the Borisoglebsk Higher Military School before becoming a fighter pilot in the Russian Air Force. He also holds a degree in ecological management. Zalyotin was selected as a cosmonaut candidate in 1990. In 2000, Zalyotin was a member of the final resident crew aboard the Mir space station. He briefly visited the International Space Station aboard Soyuz TMA-1 in 2002.", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sergei_Zalyotin", "last_flight": "2002-10-30T03:11:11Z", "first_flight": "2000-04-04T05:01:29Z", "social_media_links": [], "flights_count": 2, "landings_count": 2, "spacewalks_count": 1 }, { "id": 740, "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/astronauts/740/?format=api", "name": "Sultan Al Neyadi", "status": { "id": 1, "name": "Active" }, "agency": { "response_mode": "list", "id": 198, "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/agencies/198/?format=api", "name": "Mohammed bin Rashid Space Centre", "abbrev": "MBRSC", "type": { "id": 1, "name": "Government" } }, "image": { "id": 946, "name": "[AUTO] Sultan Al Neyadi - image", "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/sultan_al_neyad_image_20220911034429.jpeg", "thumbnail_url": "https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305191212.jpeg", "credit": null, "license": { "id": 1, "name": "Unknown", "priority": 9, "link": null }, "single_use": true, "variants": [] }, "response_mode": "normal", "type": { "id": 2, "name": "Government" }, "in_space": false, "time_in_space": "P185DT22H43M9S", "eva_time": "PT7H1M", "age": 44, "date_of_birth": "1981-05-23", "date_of_death": null, "nationality": [ { "id": 21, "name": "United Arab Emirates", "alpha_2_code": "AE", "alpha_3_code": "ARE", "nationality_name": "Emirati", "nationality_name_composed": "Emirati" } ], "bio": "Sultan AlNeyadi is one of the first two astronauts from the United Arab Emirates, along with Hazza Al Mansouri.", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sultan_Al_Neyadi", "last_flight": "2023-03-02T05:34:14Z", "first_flight": "2023-03-02T05:34:14Z", "social_media_links": [ { "id": 134, "social_media": { "id": 1, "name": "X", "url": "https://x.com", "logo": { "id": 2320, "name": "X logo", "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/x_logo_image_20250211191027.jpg", "thumbnail_url": "https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/x_logo_image_thumbnail_20250211191027.jpeg", "credit": "X", "license": { "id": 1, "name": "Unknown", "priority": 9, "link": null }, "single_use": true, "variants": [] } }, "url": "https://twitter.com/Astro_Alneyadi" } ], "flights_count": 1, "landings_count": 1, "spacewalks_count": 1 }, { "id": 585, "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/astronauts/585/?format=api", "name": "Sergey Ryzhikov", "status": { "id": 1, "name": "Active" }, "agency": { "response_mode": "list", "id": 63, "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/agencies/63/?format=api", "name": "Russian Federal Space Agency (ROSCOSMOS)", "abbrev": "RFSA", "type": { "id": 1, "name": "Government" } }, "image": { "id": 375, "name": "[AUTO] Sergey Ryzhikov - image", "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/sergey_ryzhikov_image_20200603213525.jpg", "thumbnail_url": "https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305185707.jpeg", "credit": null, "license": { "id": 1, "name": "Unknown", "priority": 9, "link": null }, "single_use": true, "variants": [] }, "response_mode": "normal", "type": { "id": 2, "name": "Government" }, "in_space": true, "time_in_space": "P516DT22H26M43S", "eva_time": "PT6H47M", "age": 51, "date_of_birth": "1974-08-19", "date_of_death": null, "nationality": [ { "id": 5, "name": "Russia", "alpha_2_code": "RU", "alpha_3_code": "RUS", "nationality_name": "Russian", "nationality_name_composed": "Russo" } ], "bio": "Sergey Nikolayevich Ryzhiko born on August 19, 1974, lieutenant colonel of Russian Air Force, is a Russian cosmonaut, selected in 2006. Ryzhikov launched on his first spaceflight onboard the Soyuz MS-02 spacecraft. He spent approximately six months onboard the International Space Station taking part in Expedition 49/50, returning to Earth on April 10, 2017.", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sergey_Ryzhikov_(cosmonaut)", "last_flight": "2025-04-08T05:47:15Z", "first_flight": "2016-10-19T08:05:14Z", "social_media_links": [], "flights_count": 3, "landings_count": 2, "spacewalks_count": 1 }, { "id": 306, "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/astronauts/306/?format=api", "name": "Ronald Evans", "status": { "id": 11, "name": "Deceased" }, "agency": { "response_mode": "list", "id": 44, "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/agencies/44/?format=api", "name": "National Aeronautics and Space Administration", "abbrev": "NASA", "type": { "id": 1, "name": "Government" } }, "image": { "id": 712, "name": "[AUTO] Ronald Evans - image", "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/ronald2520evans_image_20190426143713.jpeg", "thumbnail_url": "https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305190603.jpeg", "credit": null, "license": { "id": 1, "name": "Unknown", "priority": 9, "link": null }, "single_use": true, "variants": [] }, "response_mode": "normal", "type": { "id": 2, "name": "Government" }, "in_space": false, "time_in_space": "P0D", "eva_time": "PT1H5M44S", "age": 56, "date_of_birth": "1933-11-10", "date_of_death": "1990-04-07", "nationality": [ { "id": 2, "name": "United States of America", "alpha_2_code": "US", "alpha_3_code": "USA", "nationality_name": "American", "nationality_name_composed": "Americano" } ], "bio": "Ronald Ellwin Evans Jr. was an American naval officer and aviator, electrical engineer, aeronautical engineer, and NASA astronaut, also one of only 24 people to have flown to the Moon.\r\n\r\nEvans was selected as an astronaut by NASA as part of Astronaut Group 5 in 1966 and made his first and only flight into space as Command Module Pilot aboard Apollo 17 in 1972, the last manned mission to the Moon to date, with Commander Eugene Cernan and Lunar Module Pilot Harrison Schmitt. During the flight, he orbited the Moon as his two crewmates descended to the surface. Consequently, he is the last person to orbit the Moon alone and holds the record for the most time spent in lunar orbit at 148 hours. In 1975 Evans served as backup Command Module Pilot for the Apollo-Soyuz Test Project mission.", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ronald_Evans_(astronaut)", "last_flight": "1972-12-07T05:33:00Z", "first_flight": "1972-12-07T05:33:00Z", "social_media_links": [], "flights_count": 1, "landings_count": 1, "spacewalks_count": 1 }, { "id": 580, "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/astronauts/580/?format=api", "name": "Loral O'Hara", "status": { "id": 1, "name": "Active" }, "agency": { "response_mode": "list", "id": 44, "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/agencies/44/?format=api", "name": "National Aeronautics and Space Administration", "abbrev": "NASA", "type": { "id": 1, "name": "Government" } }, "image": { "id": 835, "name": "[AUTO] Loral O'Hara - image", "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/loral2520o2527hara_image_20200110161443.jpeg", "thumbnail_url": "https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305190912.jpeg", "credit": null, "license": { "id": 1, "name": "Unknown", "priority": 9, "link": null }, "single_use": true, "variants": [] }, "response_mode": "normal", "type": { "id": 2, "name": "Government" }, "in_space": false, "time_in_space": "P203DT15H32M25S", "eva_time": "PT6H42M", "age": 42, "date_of_birth": "1983-05-03", "date_of_death": null, "nationality": [ { "id": 2, "name": "United States of America", "alpha_2_code": "US", "alpha_3_code": "USA", "nationality_name": "American", "nationality_name_composed": "Americano" } ], "bio": "Loral O'Hara is an American engineer and NASA astronaut of the class of 2017.", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loral_O%27Hara", "last_flight": "2023-09-15T15:44:35Z", "first_flight": "2023-09-15T15:44:35Z", "social_media_links": [ { "id": 38, "social_media": { "id": 1, "name": "X", "url": "https://x.com", "logo": { "id": 2320, "name": "X logo", "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/x_logo_image_20250211191027.jpg", "thumbnail_url": "https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/x_logo_image_thumbnail_20250211191027.jpeg", "credit": "X", "license": { "id": 1, "name": "Unknown", "priority": 9, "link": null }, "single_use": true, "variants": [] } }, "url": "https://twitter.com/lunarloral" } ], "flights_count": 1, "landings_count": 1, "spacewalks_count": 1 }, { "id": 270, "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/astronauts/270/?format=api", "name": "Sergei Treshchov", "status": { "id": 2, "name": "Retired" }, "agency": { "response_mode": "list", "id": 63, "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/agencies/63/?format=api", "name": "Russian Federal Space Agency (ROSCOSMOS)", "abbrev": "RFSA", "type": { "id": 1, "name": "Government" } }, "image": { "id": 769, "name": "[AUTO] Sergei Treshchov - image", "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/sergei2520treshchov_image_20181201223108.jpg", "thumbnail_url": "https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305190730.jpeg", "credit": null, "license": { "id": 1, "name": "Unknown", "priority": 9, "link": null }, "single_use": true, "variants": [] }, "response_mode": "normal", "type": { "id": 2, "name": "Government" }, "in_space": false, "time_in_space": "P184DT22H15M11S", "eva_time": "PT5H21M", "age": 67, "date_of_birth": "1958-08-18", "date_of_death": null, "nationality": [ { "id": 5, "name": "Russia", "alpha_2_code": "RU", "alpha_3_code": "RUS", "nationality_name": "Russian", "nationality_name_composed": "Russo" } ], "bio": "Sergei Yevgenyevich Treshchov (Сергей Евгеньевич Трещёв, born 18 August 1958) is a former cosmonaut of the RSC Energia. He spent 184 days in space as a flight engineer of the International Space Station long duration Expedition 5 crew. During the mission Treshchov also conducted a spacewalk.\r\nIn 1992, he enrolled in the RSC Energia cosmonaut detachment, and from 1992 to 1994 he completed the basic Cosmonaut training course. Treshchov spent the next 3 years (1994 to 1996) in advanced Test Cosmonaut training.\r\nFrom June 1997 to February 1998, Treshchov trained as a flight engineer for the Mir station backup Exp-25 crew. From June 1999 to July 2000 he trained as a flight engineer for the Soyuz-TM backup ISS contingency crew. Initially, he trained as backup to the ISS Expedition 3 crew.", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sergei_Treshchov", "last_flight": "2002-06-05T21:22:49Z", "first_flight": "2002-06-05T21:22:49Z", "social_media_links": [], "flights_count": 1, "landings_count": 1, "spacewalks_count": 1 }, { "id": 552, "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/astronauts/552/?format=api", "name": "Nicole Stott", "status": { "id": 2, "name": "Retired" }, "agency": { "response_mode": "list", "id": 44, "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/agencies/44/?format=api", "name": "National Aeronautics and Space Administration", "abbrev": "NASA", "type": { "id": 1, "name": "Government" } }, "image": { "id": 372, "name": "[AUTO] Nicole Stott - image", "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/nicole_stott_image_20220911034331.jpeg", "thumbnail_url": "https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305185702.jpeg", "credit": null, "license": { "id": 1, "name": "Unknown", "priority": 9, "link": null }, "single_use": true, "variants": [] }, "response_mode": "normal", "type": { "id": 2, "name": "Government" }, "in_space": false, "time_in_space": "P103DT5H48M59S", "eva_time": "PT6H35M", "age": 62, "date_of_birth": "1962-11-19", "date_of_death": null, "nationality": [ { "id": 2, "name": "United States of America", "alpha_2_code": "US", "alpha_3_code": "USA", "nationality_name": "American", "nationality_name_composed": "Americano" } ], "bio": "Nicole Marie Passonno Stott is an American engineer and a NASA astronaut. She served as a Flight Engineer on ISS Expedition 20 and Expedition 21 and was a Mission Specialist on STS-128 and STS-133. After 27 years of working at NASA, the space agency announced her retirement effective June 1, 2015.", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicole_Stott", "last_flight": "2011-02-24T21:53:24Z", "first_flight": "2009-08-29T03:59:37Z", "social_media_links": [ { "id": 89, "social_media": { "id": 1, "name": "X", "url": "https://x.com", "logo": { "id": 2320, "name": "X logo", "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/x_logo_image_20250211191027.jpg", "thumbnail_url": "https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/x_logo_image_thumbnail_20250211191027.jpeg", "credit": "X", "license": { "id": 1, "name": "Unknown", "priority": 9, "link": null }, "single_use": true, "variants": [] } }, "url": "https://twitter.com/Astro_Nicole" }, { "id": 90, "social_media": { "id": 2, "name": "Instagram", "url": "https://instagram.com", "logo": { "id": 2322, "name": "Instagram logo", "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/instagram_logo_image_20250211191139.png", "thumbnail_url": "https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/instagram_logo_image_thumbnail_20250211191139.png", "credit": "Instagram", "license": { "id": 1, "name": "Unknown", "priority": 9, "link": null }, "single_use": true, "variants": [] } }, "url": "https://www.instagram.com/astro_nicole/" } ], "flights_count": 2, "landings_count": 2, "spacewalks_count": 1 }, { "id": 233, "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/astronauts/233/?format=api", "name": "Roman Romanenko", "status": { "id": 2, "name": "Retired" }, "agency": { "response_mode": "list", "id": 63, "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/agencies/63/?format=api", "name": "Russian Federal Space Agency (ROSCOSMOS)", "abbrev": "RFSA", "type": { "id": 1, "name": "Government" } }, "image": { "id": 729, "name": "[AUTO] Roman Romanenko - image", "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/roman2520romanenko_image_20181201213713.jpg", "thumbnail_url": "https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305190629.jpeg", "credit": null, "license": { "id": 1, "name": "Unknown", "priority": 9, "link": null }, "single_use": true, "variants": [] }, "response_mode": "normal", "type": { "id": 2, "name": "Government" }, "in_space": false, "time_in_space": "P333DT11H32S", "eva_time": "PT6H38M", "age": 54, "date_of_birth": "1971-08-09", "date_of_death": null, "nationality": [ { "id": 5, "name": "Russia", "alpha_2_code": "RU", "alpha_3_code": "RUS", "nationality_name": "Russian", "nationality_name_composed": "Russo" } ], "bio": "Roman Yurievich Romanenko (Major, Russian Air Force; Russian: Роман Юрьевич Романенко; born August 9, 1971) is a retired cosmonaut at the Yuri Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center.\r\nRomanenko was selected as a cosmonaut candidate at the Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center Cosmonaut Office in December 1997. From January 1998 to November 1999 he undertook his basic training course. In November 1999 he was qualified as a Test Cosmonaut.\r\n\r\nHe served as the backup to Oleg Kotov as the Commander of Soyuz TMA-10 and Fyodor Yurchikhin as Commander of Expedition 15.", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Romanenko", "last_flight": "2012-12-19T12:12:35Z", "first_flight": "2009-05-27T10:34:53Z", "social_media_links": [], "flights_count": 2, "landings_count": 2, "spacewalks_count": 1 }, { "id": 47, "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/astronauts/47/?format=api", "name": "Rusty Schweickart", "status": { "id": 2, "name": "Retired" }, "agency": { "response_mode": "list", "id": 44, "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/agencies/44/?format=api", "name": "National Aeronautics and Space Administration", "abbrev": "NASA", "type": { "id": 1, "name": "Government" } }, "image": { "id": 628, "name": "[AUTO] Rusty Schweickart - image", "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/rusty2520schweickart_image_20181128145913.jpg", "thumbnail_url": "https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305190342.jpeg", "credit": null, "license": { "id": 1, "name": "Unknown", "priority": 9, "link": null }, "single_use": true, "variants": [] }, "response_mode": "normal", "type": { "id": 2, "name": "Government" }, "in_space": false, "time_in_space": "P10DT1H", "eva_time": "PT1H17M", "age": 89, "date_of_birth": "1935-10-25", "date_of_death": null, "nationality": [ { "id": 2, "name": "United States of America", "alpha_2_code": "US", "alpha_3_code": "USA", "nationality_name": "American", "nationality_name_composed": "Americano" } ], "bio": "Russell Louis \"Rusty\" Schweickart is an American aeronautical engineer, and a former NASA astronaut, research scientist, U.S. Air Force fighter pilot, as well as a former business executive and government executive.\r\n\r\nSelected in 1963 for NASA's third astronaut group, he is best known as the Lunar Module Pilot on the 1969 Apollo 9 mission, the first manned flight test of the Lunar Module, on which he performed the first in-space test of the Portable Life Support System used by the Apollo astronauts who walked on the Moon. As backup Commander of the first manned Skylab mission in 1973, he was responsible for developing the hardware and procedures used by the first crew to perform critical in-flight repairs of the Skylab station. After Skylab, he served for a time as Director of User Affairs in NASA's Office of Applications.\r\n\r\nSchweickart left NASA in 1977 to serve for two years as California Governor Jerry Brown's assistant for science and technology, then was appointed by Brown to California's Energy Commission for five and a half years, serving as chairman for three.\r\n\r\nIn 1984–85 he co-founded the Association of Space Explorers and later in 2002 co-founded the B612 Foundation, a non-profit organization dedicated to defending Earth from asteroid impacts, along with fellow former astronaut Ed Lu and two planetary scientists. He served for a period as its chair before becoming its chair emeritus.", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rusty_Schweickart", "last_flight": "1969-03-03T16:00:00Z", "first_flight": "1969-03-03T16:00:00Z", "social_media_links": [], "flights_count": 1, "landings_count": 1, "spacewalks_count": 1 } ] }
