Modes

Levels of detail in the response - list, normal, detailed

Example - /astronauts/?mode=list

Filters

Parameters - age, age__gt, age__gte, age__lt, age__lte, agency_ids, date_of_birth, date_of_birth__gt, date_of_birth__gte, date_of_birth__lt, date_of_birth__lte, date_of_death, date_of_death__gt, date_of_death__gte, date_of_death__lt, date_of_death__lte, first_flight, first_flight__gt, first_flight__gte, first_flight__lt, first_flight__lte, flights_count, flights_count__gt, flights_count__gte, flights_count__lt, flights_count__lte, has_flown, in_space, is_human, landings_count, landings_count__gt, landings_count__gte, landings_count__lt, landings_count__lte, last_flight, last_flight__gt, last_flight__gte, last_flight__lt, last_flight__lte, nationality, status_ids, type__id

Example - /astronauts/?has_flown=true

Fields searched - agency__abbrev, agency__name, name, nationality__nationality_name

Example - /astronauts/?search=Pesquet

Ordering

Fields - age, date_of_birth, eva_time, flights_count, id, landings_count, last_flight, name, spacewalks_count, status, time_in_space

Example - /astronauts/?ordering=-time_in_space

Number of results

Use limit to control the number of objects in the response (max 100)

Example - /astronauts/?limit=2

Format

Switch to JSON output - /astronauts/?format=json

Help

Find all the FAQs and support links on the documentation homepage - lldev.thespacedevs.com/docs

GET /2.3.0/astronauts/?format=api&offset=390&ordering=-time_in_space
HTTP 200 OK
Allow: GET
Content-Type: application/json
Vary: Accept

{
    "count": 805,
    "next": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/astronauts/?format=api&limit=10&offset=400&ordering=-time_in_space",
    "previous": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/astronauts/?format=api&limit=10&offset=380&ordering=-time_in_space",
    "results": [
        {
            "id": 384,
            "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/astronauts/384/?format=api",
            "name": "Sidney M. Gutierrez",
            "status": {
                "id": 2,
                "name": "Retired"
            },
            "agency": {
                "response_mode": "list",
                "id": 44,
                "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/agencies/44/?format=api",
                "name": "National Aeronautics and Space Administration",
                "abbrev": "NASA",
                "type": {
                    "id": 1,
                    "name": "Government"
                }
            },
            "image": {
                "id": 766,
                "name": "[AUTO] Sidney M. Gutierrez - image",
                "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/sidney2520m.2520gutierrez_image_20181202133521.jpg",
                "thumbnail_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305190726.jpeg",
                "credit": null,
                "license": {
                    "id": 1,
                    "name": "Unknown",
                    "priority": 9,
                    "link": null
                },
                "single_use": true,
                "variants": []
            },
            "response_mode": "normal",
            "type": {
                "id": 2,
                "name": "Government"
            },
            "in_space": false,
            "time_in_space": "P20DT8H4M8S",
            "eva_time": "P0D",
            "age": 73,
            "date_of_birth": "1951-06-27",
            "date_of_death": null,
            "nationality": [
                {
                    "id": 2,
                    "name": "United States of America",
                    "alpha_2_code": "US",
                    "alpha_3_code": "USA",
                    "nationality_name": "American",
                    "nationality_name_composed": "Americano"
                }
            ],
            "bio": "Sidney McNeill Gutierrez is a former NASA astronaut.",
            "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sidney_M._Gutierrez",
            "last_flight": "1994-04-09T11:05:01Z",
            "first_flight": "1991-06-05T13:24:51Z",
            "social_media_links": [],
            "flights_count": 2,
            "landings_count": 2,
            "spacewalks_count": 0
        },
        {
            "id": 129,
            "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/astronauts/129/?format=api",
            "name": "Henry 'Hank' Hartsfield",
            "status": {
                "id": 11,
                "name": "Deceased"
            },
            "agency": {
                "response_mode": "list",
                "id": 44,
                "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/agencies/44/?format=api",
                "name": "National Aeronautics and Space Administration",
                "abbrev": "NASA",
                "type": {
                    "id": 1,
                    "name": "Government"
                }
            },
            "image": {
                "id": 284,
                "name": "[AUTO] Henry 'Hank' Hartsfield - image",
                "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/henry25202527hank25272520hartsfield_image_20181129203753.jpg",
                "thumbnail_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305185432.jpeg",
                "credit": null,
                "license": {
                    "id": 1,
                    "name": "Unknown",
                    "priority": 9,
                    "link": null
                },
                "single_use": true,
                "variants": []
            },
            "response_mode": "normal",
            "type": {
                "id": 2,
                "name": "Government"
            },
            "in_space": false,
            "time_in_space": "P20DT2H48M10S",
            "eva_time": "P0D",
            "age": 80,
            "date_of_birth": "1933-11-21",
            "date_of_death": "2014-07-14",
            "nationality": [
                {
                    "id": 2,
                    "name": "United States of America",
                    "alpha_2_code": "US",
                    "alpha_3_code": "USA",
                    "nationality_name": "American",
                    "nationality_name_composed": "Americano"
                }
            ],
            "bio": "Henry Warren \"Hank\" Hartsfield Jr. was a United States Air Force officer and a USAF and NASA astronaut who logged over 480 hours in space. Hartsfield became a NASA astronaut in September 1969. Hartsfield was the pilot on STS-4, the fourth and final orbital test flight of the shuttle Columbia.",
            "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Hartsfield",
            "last_flight": "1985-10-30T17:00:00Z",
            "first_flight": "1982-06-27T15:00:00Z",
            "social_media_links": [],
            "flights_count": 3,
            "landings_count": 3,
            "spacewalks_count": 0
        },
        {
            "id": 377,
            "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/astronauts/377/?format=api",
            "name": "John M. Lounge",
            "status": {
                "id": 11,
                "name": "Deceased"
            },
            "agency": {
                "response_mode": "list",
                "id": 44,
                "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/agencies/44/?format=api",
                "name": "National Aeronautics and Space Administration",
                "abbrev": "NASA",
                "type": {
                    "id": 1,
                    "name": "Government"
                }
            },
            "image": {
                "id": 275,
                "name": "[AUTO] John M. Lounge - image",
                "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/john2520m.2520lounge_image_20181202121132.jpg",
                "thumbnail_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305185415.jpeg",
                "credit": null,
                "license": {
                    "id": 1,
                    "name": "Unknown",
                    "priority": 9,
                    "link": null
                },
                "single_use": true,
                "variants": []
            },
            "response_mode": "normal",
            "type": {
                "id": 2,
                "name": "Government"
            },
            "in_space": false,
            "time_in_space": "P20DT2H21M59S",
            "eva_time": "P0D",
            "age": 64,
            "date_of_birth": "1946-06-28",
            "date_of_death": "2011-03-01",
            "nationality": [
                {
                    "id": 2,
                    "name": "United States of America",
                    "alpha_2_code": "US",
                    "alpha_3_code": "USA",
                    "nationality_name": "American",
                    "nationality_name_composed": "Americano"
                }
            ],
            "bio": "ohn Michael \"Mike\" Lounge was an American engineer, a United States Navy officer, a Vietnam War veteran, and a NASA astronaut. A veteran of three Space Shuttle flights, Lounge logged over 482 hours in space. He was a mission specialist on STS-51-I (1985) and STS-26 (1988) and was the flight engineer on STS-35 (1990).",
            "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_M._Lounge",
            "last_flight": "1990-12-02T06:49:00Z",
            "first_flight": "1985-08-27T10:58:01Z",
            "social_media_links": [],
            "flights_count": 3,
            "landings_count": 3,
            "spacewalks_count": 0
        },
        {
            "id": 481,
            "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/astronauts/481/?format=api",
            "name": "Carlos I. Noriega",
            "status": {
                "id": 2,
                "name": "Retired"
            },
            "agency": {
                "response_mode": "list",
                "id": 44,
                "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/agencies/44/?format=api",
                "name": "National Aeronautics and Space Administration",
                "abbrev": "NASA",
                "type": {
                    "id": 1,
                    "name": "Government"
                }
            },
            "image": {
                "id": 572,
                "name": "[AUTO] Carlos I. Noriega - image",
                "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/carlos2520i.2520noriega_image_20181202152808.jpg",
                "thumbnail_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305190214.jpeg",
                "credit": null,
                "license": {
                    "id": 1,
                    "name": "Unknown",
                    "priority": 9,
                    "link": null
                },
                "single_use": true,
                "variants": []
            },
            "response_mode": "normal",
            "type": {
                "id": 2,
                "name": "Government"
            },
            "in_space": false,
            "time_in_space": "P20DT1H17M11S",
            "eva_time": "PT19H20M",
            "age": 65,
            "date_of_birth": "1959-10-08",
            "date_of_death": null,
            "nationality": [
                {
                    "id": 2,
                    "name": "United States of America",
                    "alpha_2_code": "US",
                    "alpha_3_code": "USA",
                    "nationality_name": "American",
                    "nationality_name_composed": "Americano"
                }
            ],
            "bio": "Carlos Ismael Noriega is a Peruvian and U.S. citizen, NASA employee, a former NASA astronaut and a retired U.S. Marine Corps lieutenant colonel.",
            "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlos_I._Noriega",
            "last_flight": "2000-12-01T03:06:01Z",
            "first_flight": "1997-05-15T08:07:48Z",
            "social_media_links": [],
            "flights_count": 2,
            "landings_count": 2,
            "spacewalks_count": 3
        },
        {
            "id": 338,
            "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/astronauts/338/?format=api",
            "name": "Frederick D. Gregory",
            "status": {
                "id": 2,
                "name": "Retired"
            },
            "agency": {
                "response_mode": "list",
                "id": 44,
                "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/agencies/44/?format=api",
                "name": "National Aeronautics and Space Administration",
                "abbrev": "NASA",
                "type": {
                    "id": 1,
                    "name": "Government"
                }
            },
            "image": {
                "id": 930,
                "name": "[AUTO] Frederick D. Gregory - image",
                "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/frederick2520d.2520gregory_image_20181202102806.jpg",
                "thumbnail_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305191147.jpeg",
                "credit": null,
                "license": {
                    "id": 1,
                    "name": "Unknown",
                    "priority": 9,
                    "link": null
                },
                "single_use": true,
                "variants": []
            },
            "response_mode": "normal",
            "type": {
                "id": 2,
                "name": "Government"
            },
            "in_space": false,
            "time_in_space": "P19DT23H5M12S",
            "eva_time": "P0D",
            "age": 84,
            "date_of_birth": "1941-01-07",
            "date_of_death": null,
            "nationality": [
                {
                    "id": 2,
                    "name": "United States of America",
                    "alpha_2_code": "US",
                    "alpha_3_code": "USA",
                    "nationality_name": "American",
                    "nationality_name_composed": "Americano"
                }
            ],
            "bio": "Frederick Drew Gregory is a former United States Air Force pilot, military engineer, test pilot, and NASA astronaut as well as former NASA Deputy Administrator. He also served briefly as NASA Acting Administrator in early 2005, covering the period between the departure of Sean O'Keefe and the swearing in of Michael Griffin.",
            "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frederick_D._Gregory",
            "last_flight": "1991-11-24T23:44:00Z",
            "first_flight": "1985-04-29T16:02:18Z",
            "social_media_links": [],
            "flights_count": 3,
            "landings_count": 3,
            "spacewalks_count": 0
        },
        {
            "id": 588,
            "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/astronauts/588/?format=api",
            "name": "Charles D. Walker",
            "status": {
                "id": 2,
                "name": "Retired"
            },
            "agency": {
                "response_mode": "list",
                "id": 44,
                "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/agencies/44/?format=api",
                "name": "National Aeronautics and Space Administration",
                "abbrev": "NASA",
                "type": {
                    "id": 1,
                    "name": "Government"
                }
            },
            "image": {
                "id": 565,
                "name": "[AUTO] Charles D. Walker - image",
                "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/charles2520d.2520walker_image_20181207221334.jpg",
                "thumbnail_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305190204.jpeg",
                "credit": null,
                "license": {
                    "id": 1,
                    "name": "Unknown",
                    "priority": 9,
                    "link": null
                },
                "single_use": true,
                "variants": []
            },
            "response_mode": "normal",
            "type": {
                "id": 2,
                "name": "Government"
            },
            "in_space": false,
            "time_in_space": "P19DT21H54M33S",
            "eva_time": "P0D",
            "age": 76,
            "date_of_birth": "1948-08-29",
            "date_of_death": null,
            "nationality": [
                {
                    "id": 2,
                    "name": "United States of America",
                    "alpha_2_code": "US",
                    "alpha_3_code": "USA",
                    "nationality_name": "American",
                    "nationality_name_composed": "Americano"
                }
            ],
            "bio": "Charles David \"Charlie\" Walker (born August 29, 1948) is an American engineer who flew on three Space Shuttle missions in 1984 and 1985 as a Payload Specialist for the McDonnell Douglas Corporation. He is the first non-government individual to fly in space.",
            "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_D._Walker",
            "last_flight": "1985-11-27T00:29:00Z",
            "first_flight": "1984-08-30T12:41:50Z",
            "social_media_links": [],
            "flights_count": 3,
            "landings_count": 3,
            "spacewalks_count": 0
        },
        {
            "id": 29,
            "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/astronauts/29/?format=api",
            "name": "Frank Borman",
            "status": {
                "id": 11,
                "name": "Deceased"
            },
            "agency": {
                "response_mode": "list",
                "id": 44,
                "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/agencies/44/?format=api",
                "name": "National Aeronautics and Space Administration",
                "abbrev": "NASA",
                "type": {
                    "id": 1,
                    "name": "Government"
                }
            },
            "image": {
                "id": 689,
                "name": "[AUTO] Frank Borman - image",
                "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/frank2520borman_image_20181128142554.jpg",
                "thumbnail_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305190518.jpeg",
                "credit": null,
                "license": {
                    "id": 1,
                    "name": "Unknown",
                    "priority": 9,
                    "link": null
                },
                "single_use": true,
                "variants": []
            },
            "response_mode": "normal",
            "type": {
                "id": 2,
                "name": "Government"
            },
            "in_space": false,
            "time_in_space": "P19DT21H34M57S",
            "eva_time": "P0D",
            "age": 95,
            "date_of_birth": "1928-03-14",
            "date_of_death": "2023-11-07",
            "nationality": [
                {
                    "id": 2,
                    "name": "United States of America",
                    "alpha_2_code": "US",
                    "alpha_3_code": "USA",
                    "nationality_name": "American",
                    "nationality_name_composed": "Americano"
                }
            ],
            "bio": "Frank Frederick Borman II was a United States Air Force pilot, aeronautical engineer, test pilot, and NASA astronaut, best remembered as the Commander of Apollo 8, the first mission to fly around the Moon, making him, along with crew mates Jim Lovell and Bill Anders, the first of only 24 humans to do so. Before flying on Apollo, he set a fourteen-day spaceflight endurance record on Gemini 7, and also served on the NASA review board which investigated the Apollo 1 fire. After leaving NASA, he was the Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of Eastern Air Lines from 1975 to 1986. Borman is a recipient of the Congressional Space Medal of Honor.",
            "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frank_Borman",
            "last_flight": "1968-12-21T12:51:00Z",
            "first_flight": "1965-12-04T19:30:03Z",
            "social_media_links": [],
            "flights_count": 2,
            "landings_count": 2,
            "spacewalks_count": 0
        },
        {
            "id": 67,
            "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/astronauts/67/?format=api",
            "name": "Yuri Baturin",
            "status": {
                "id": 2,
                "name": "Retired"
            },
            "agency": {
                "response_mode": "list",
                "id": 63,
                "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/agencies/63/?format=api",
                "name": "Russian Federal Space Agency (ROSCOSMOS)",
                "abbrev": "RFSA",
                "type": {
                    "id": 1,
                    "name": "Government"
                }
            },
            "image": {
                "id": 480,
                "name": "[AUTO] Yuri Baturin - image",
                "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/yuri2520baturin_image_20181128221206.jpg",
                "thumbnail_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305185949.jpeg",
                "credit": null,
                "license": {
                    "id": 1,
                    "name": "Unknown",
                    "priority": 9,
                    "link": null
                },
                "single_use": true,
                "variants": []
            },
            "response_mode": "normal",
            "type": {
                "id": 2,
                "name": "Government"
            },
            "in_space": false,
            "time_in_space": "P19DT19H55M29S",
            "eva_time": "P0D",
            "age": 75,
            "date_of_birth": "1949-06-12",
            "date_of_death": null,
            "nationality": [
                {
                    "id": 5,
                    "name": "Russia",
                    "alpha_2_code": "RU",
                    "alpha_3_code": "RUS",
                    "nationality_name": "Russian",
                    "nationality_name_composed": "Russo"
                }
            ],
            "bio": "Yuri Mikhailovich Baturin (Russian: Юрий Михайлович Батурин (born 12 June 1949, Moscow, Soviet Union {now Russia})), is a Russian cosmonaut and former politician.\r\n\r\nBaturin graduated from the Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology in 1973, and is the former Assistant to the President on National Security and Secretaty of the Defense Council (1996-1998); he is also an author in constitutional law. Baturin was also a cosmonaut who flew on two missions.\r\n\r\nHis first spaceflight, sometimes called Mir EP-4, was launched with the spacecraft Soyuz TM-28 13 August 1998, and landed with Soyuz TM-27. He was a Research Cosmonaut for this mission, which lasted for 11 days 19 hours 39 minutes. His second spaceflight was ISS EP-1, which was launched with the spacecraft Soyuz TM-32 on April 28, 2001, and landed with Soyuz TM-31. This mission was notable as carrying to first paying space tourist Dennis Tito. For this mission he was designated a Flight Engineer; the mission lasted for 7 days 22 hours and 4 minutes.",
            "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yuri_Baturin",
            "last_flight": "2001-04-28T07:37:20Z",
            "first_flight": "1998-08-13T09:43:11Z",
            "social_media_links": [],
            "flights_count": 2,
            "landings_count": 2,
            "spacewalks_count": 0
        },
        {
            "id": 243,
            "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/astronauts/243/?format=api",
            "name": "Svetlana Savitskaya",
            "status": {
                "id": 2,
                "name": "Retired"
            },
            "agency": {
                "response_mode": "list",
                "id": 63,
                "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/agencies/63/?format=api",
                "name": "Russian Federal Space Agency (ROSCOSMOS)",
                "abbrev": "RFSA",
                "type": {
                    "id": 1,
                    "name": "Government"
                }
            },
            "image": {
                "id": 521,
                "name": "[AUTO] Svetlana Savitskaya - image",
                "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/svetlana2520savitskaya_image_20181201215411.jpg",
                "thumbnail_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305190052.jpeg",
                "credit": null,
                "license": {
                    "id": 1,
                    "name": "Unknown",
                    "priority": 9,
                    "link": null
                },
                "single_use": true,
                "variants": []
            },
            "response_mode": "normal",
            "type": {
                "id": 2,
                "name": "Government"
            },
            "in_space": false,
            "time_in_space": "P19DT17H7M",
            "eva_time": "PT3H34M",
            "age": 76,
            "date_of_birth": "1948-08-08",
            "date_of_death": null,
            "nationality": [
                {
                    "id": 5,
                    "name": "Russia",
                    "alpha_2_code": "RU",
                    "alpha_3_code": "RUS",
                    "nationality_name": "Russian",
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            "bio": "Svetlana Yevgenyevna Savitskaya (Russian: Светла́на Евге́ньевна Сави́цкая; born 8 August 1948) is a retired Soviet aviator and cosmonaut who flew aboard Soyuz T-7 in 1982, becoming the second woman in space. On her 1984 mission she became the first woman to fly to space twice, and the first woman to perform a spacewalk. She set several FAI world records as a pilot.",
            "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Svetlana_Savitskaya",
            "last_flight": "1984-07-17T17:40:54Z",
            "first_flight": "1982-08-19T17:11:52Z",
            "social_media_links": [],
            "flights_count": 2,
            "landings_count": 2,
            "spacewalks_count": 1
        },
        {
            "id": 98,
            "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/astronauts/98/?format=api",
            "name": "Reinhold Ewald",
            "status": {
                "id": 2,
                "name": "Retired"
            },
            "agency": {
                "response_mode": "list",
                "id": 27,
                "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/agencies/27/?format=api",
                "name": "European Space Agency",
                "abbrev": "ESA",
                "type": {
                    "id": 2,
                    "name": "Multinational"
                }
            },
            "image": {
                "id": 274,
                "name": "[AUTO] Reinhold Ewald - image",
                "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/reinhold2520ewald_image_20181128230159.jpg",
                "thumbnail_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305185413.jpeg",
                "credit": null,
                "license": {
                    "id": 1,
                    "name": "Unknown",
                    "priority": 9,
                    "link": null
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                "variants": []
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            "response_mode": "normal",
            "type": {
                "id": 2,
                "name": "Government"
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            "in_space": false,
            "time_in_space": "P19DT16H34M30S",
            "eva_time": "P0D",
            "age": 68,
            "date_of_birth": "1956-12-18",
            "date_of_death": null,
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                    "name": "Germany",
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                    "alpha_3_code": "DEU",
                    "nationality_name": "German",
                    "nationality_name_composed": "Germano"
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            "bio": "Dr. Reinhold Ewald (born December 18, 1956) is a German physicist and ESA astronaut.\r\n\r\nIn 1990, he was selected to the German astronaut team, training for the Mir '92 mission. He was the backup of Klaus-Dietrich Flade for the Soyuz TM-14 mission. In 1995 he began training for the second German Mir mission. In February 1997 he flew to the space station Mir with Soyuz TM-25, spending 20 days in space. He performed experiments in biomedical and material sciences, and carried out operational tests in preparation for the International Space Station.",
            "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinhold_Ewald",
            "last_flight": "1997-02-10T14:09:30Z",
            "first_flight": "1997-02-10T14:09:30Z",
            "social_media_links": [],
            "flights_count": 1,
            "landings_count": 1,
            "spacewalks_count": 0
        }
    ]
}