Modes

Levels of detail in the response - list, normal, detailed

Example - /astronauts/?mode=list

Filters

Parameters - age, age__gt, age__gte, age__lt, age__lte, agency_ids, date_of_birth, date_of_birth__gt, date_of_birth__gte, date_of_birth__lt, date_of_birth__lte, date_of_death, date_of_death__gt, date_of_death__gte, date_of_death__lt, date_of_death__lte, first_flight, first_flight__gt, first_flight__gte, first_flight__lt, first_flight__lte, flights_count, flights_count__gt, flights_count__gte, flights_count__lt, flights_count__lte, has_flown, in_space, is_human, landings_count, landings_count__gt, landings_count__gte, landings_count__lt, landings_count__lte, last_flight, last_flight__gt, last_flight__gte, last_flight__lt, last_flight__lte, nationality, status_ids, type__id

Example - /astronauts/?has_flown=true

Fields searched - agency__abbrev, agency__name, name, nationality__nationality_name

Example - /astronauts/?search=Pesquet

Ordering

Fields - age, date_of_birth, eva_time, flights_count, id, landings_count, last_flight, name, spacewalks_count, status, time_in_space

Example - /astronauts/?ordering=-time_in_space

Number of results

Use limit to control the number of objects in the response (max 100)

Example - /astronauts/?limit=2

Format

Switch to JSON output - /astronauts/?format=json

Help

Find all the FAQs and support links on the documentation homepage - lldev.thespacedevs.com/docs

GET /2.3.0/astronauts/?format=api&offset=230&ordering=last_flight
HTTP 200 OK
Allow: GET
Content-Type: application/json
Vary: Accept

{
    "count": 805,
    "next": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/astronauts/?format=api&limit=10&offset=240&ordering=last_flight",
    "previous": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/astronauts/?format=api&limit=10&offset=220&ordering=last_flight",
    "results": [
        {
            "id": 364,
            "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/astronauts/364/?format=api",
            "name": "Charles Bolden",
            "status": {
                "id": 2,
                "name": "Retired"
            },
            "agency": {
                "response_mode": "list",
                "id": 44,
                "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/agencies/44/?format=api",
                "name": "National Aeronautics and Space Administration",
                "abbrev": "NASA",
                "type": {
                    "id": 1,
                    "name": "Government"
                }
            },
            "image": {
                "id": 871,
                "name": "[AUTO] Charles Bolden - image",
                "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/charles2520bolden_image_20181202112229.jpg",
                "thumbnail_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305191013.jpeg",
                "credit": null,
                "license": {
                    "id": 1,
                    "name": "Unknown",
                    "priority": 9,
                    "link": null
                },
                "single_use": true,
                "variants": []
            },
            "response_mode": "normal",
            "type": {
                "id": 2,
                "name": "Government"
            },
            "in_space": false,
            "time_in_space": "P28DT8H36M30S",
            "eva_time": "P0D",
            "age": 78,
            "date_of_birth": "1946-08-19",
            "date_of_death": null,
            "nationality": [
                {
                    "id": 2,
                    "name": "United States of America",
                    "alpha_2_code": "US",
                    "alpha_3_code": "USA",
                    "nationality_name": "American",
                    "nationality_name_composed": "Americano"
                }
            ],
            "bio": "Charles Frank Bolden Jr. is a former Administrator of NASA, a retired United States Marine Corps Major General, and a former NASA astronaut.\r\n\r\nA 1968 graduate of the United States Naval Academy, he became a Marine Aviator and test pilot. After his service as an astronaut, he became Deputy Commandant of Midshipmen at the Naval Academy.\r\n\r\nOn May 23, 2009, President Barack Obama announced the nomination of Bolden as NASA Administrator and Lori Garver as Deputy NASA Administrator. Bolden was confirmed by the Senate on July 15, 2009. He was the first African American to head the agency on a permanent basis.\r\n\r\nOn January 12, 2017, Bolden announced his resignation from NASA during a town hall meeting at NASA Headquarters in Washington D.C. His last day would be January 19, and Robert M. Lightfoot Jr. was announced as acting NASA Administrator.",
            "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Bolden",
            "last_flight": "1994-02-03T12:10:00Z",
            "first_flight": "1986-01-12T11:55:00Z",
            "social_media_links": [
                {
                    "id": 10,
                    "social_media": {
                        "id": 1,
                        "name": "X",
                        "url": "https://x.com",
                        "logo": {
                            "id": 2320,
                            "name": "X logo",
                            "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/x_logo_image_20250211191027.jpg",
                            "thumbnail_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/x_logo_image_thumbnail_20250211191027.jpeg",
                            "credit": "X",
                            "license": {
                                "id": 1,
                                "name": "Unknown",
                                "priority": 9,
                                "link": null
                            },
                            "single_use": true,
                            "variants": []
                        }
                    },
                    "url": "https://twitter.com/cboldenjr"
                }
            ],
            "flights_count": 4,
            "landings_count": 4,
            "spacewalks_count": 0
        },
        {
            "id": 407,
            "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/astronauts/407/?format=api",
            "name": "Pierre J. Thuot",
            "status": {
                "id": 2,
                "name": "Retired"
            },
            "agency": {
                "response_mode": "list",
                "id": 44,
                "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/agencies/44/?format=api",
                "name": "National Aeronautics and Space Administration",
                "abbrev": "NASA",
                "type": {
                    "id": 1,
                    "name": "Government"
                }
            },
            "image": {
                "id": 495,
                "name": "[AUTO] Pierre J. Thuot - image",
                "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/pierre2520j.2520thuot_image_20181202140221.jpg",
                "thumbnail_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305190013.jpeg",
                "credit": null,
                "license": {
                    "id": 1,
                    "name": "Unknown",
                    "priority": 9,
                    "link": null
                },
                "single_use": true,
                "variants": []
            },
            "response_mode": "normal",
            "type": {
                "id": 2,
                "name": "Government"
            },
            "in_space": false,
            "time_in_space": "P27DT8H51M37S",
            "eva_time": "PT15H55M",
            "age": 69,
            "date_of_birth": "1955-05-19",
            "date_of_death": null,
            "nationality": [
                {
                    "id": 2,
                    "name": "United States of America",
                    "alpha_2_code": "US",
                    "alpha_3_code": "USA",
                    "nationality_name": "American",
                    "nationality_name_composed": "Americano"
                }
            ],
            "bio": "Pierre Joseph Thuot is a retired United States Navy Captain and NASA astronaut. He went into space three times, spending over 650 hours in space, including over 15 hours in three space walks. He is a former U.S. record holder for time spent on one space walk, and participated in the first three-person space walk.",
            "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre_J._Thuot",
            "last_flight": "1994-03-04T13:53:01Z",
            "first_flight": "1990-02-28T07:50:22Z",
            "social_media_links": [],
            "flights_count": 3,
            "landings_count": 3,
            "spacewalks_count": 3
        },
        {
            "id": 403,
            "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/astronauts/403/?format=api",
            "name": "Charles D. Gemar",
            "status": {
                "id": 2,
                "name": "Retired"
            },
            "agency": {
                "response_mode": "list",
                "id": 44,
                "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/agencies/44/?format=api",
                "name": "National Aeronautics and Space Administration",
                "abbrev": "NASA",
                "type": {
                    "id": 1,
                    "name": "Government"
                }
            },
            "image": {
                "id": 706,
                "name": "[AUTO] Charles D. Gemar - image",
                "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/charles2520d.2520gemar_image_20181202135809.jpg",
                "thumbnail_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305190546.jpeg",
                "credit": null,
                "license": {
                    "id": 1,
                    "name": "Unknown",
                    "priority": 9,
                    "link": null
                },
                "single_use": true,
                "variants": []
            },
            "response_mode": "normal",
            "type": {
                "id": 2,
                "name": "Government"
            },
            "in_space": false,
            "time_in_space": "P24DT5H37M40S",
            "eva_time": "P0D",
            "age": 69,
            "date_of_birth": "1955-08-04",
            "date_of_death": null,
            "nationality": [
                {
                    "id": 2,
                    "name": "United States of America",
                    "alpha_2_code": "US",
                    "alpha_3_code": "USA",
                    "nationality_name": "American",
                    "nationality_name_composed": "Americano"
                }
            ],
            "bio": "Charles Donald \"Sam\" Gemar is an American former astronaut with NASA and a lieutenant colonel in the United States Army. Gemar has flown on three Space Shuttle missions (STS-38, STS-48 and STS-62). Gemar has completed 385 orbits of the Earth and over 581 hours in space. He has also served in different positions in NASA, including as a CAPCOM for Shuttle missions. Gemar was the first astronaut to be born in the state of South Dakota.",
            "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_D._Gemar",
            "last_flight": "1994-03-04T13:53:01Z",
            "first_flight": "1990-11-15T23:48:15Z",
            "social_media_links": [],
            "flights_count": 3,
            "landings_count": 3,
            "spacewalks_count": 0
        },
        {
            "id": 384,
            "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/astronauts/384/?format=api",
            "name": "Sidney M. Gutierrez",
            "status": {
                "id": 2,
                "name": "Retired"
            },
            "agency": {
                "response_mode": "list",
                "id": 44,
                "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/agencies/44/?format=api",
                "name": "National Aeronautics and Space Administration",
                "abbrev": "NASA",
                "type": {
                    "id": 1,
                    "name": "Government"
                }
            },
            "image": {
                "id": 766,
                "name": "[AUTO] Sidney M. Gutierrez - image",
                "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/sidney2520m.2520gutierrez_image_20181202133521.jpg",
                "thumbnail_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305190726.jpeg",
                "credit": null,
                "license": {
                    "id": 1,
                    "name": "Unknown",
                    "priority": 9,
                    "link": null
                },
                "single_use": true,
                "variants": []
            },
            "response_mode": "normal",
            "type": {
                "id": 2,
                "name": "Government"
            },
            "in_space": false,
            "time_in_space": "P20DT8H4M8S",
            "eva_time": "P0D",
            "age": 73,
            "date_of_birth": "1951-06-27",
            "date_of_death": null,
            "nationality": [
                {
                    "id": 2,
                    "name": "United States of America",
                    "alpha_2_code": "US",
                    "alpha_3_code": "USA",
                    "nationality_name": "American",
                    "nationality_name_composed": "Americano"
                }
            ],
            "bio": "Sidney McNeill Gutierrez is a former NASA astronaut.",
            "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sidney_M._Gutierrez",
            "last_flight": "1994-04-09T11:05:01Z",
            "first_flight": "1991-06-05T13:24:51Z",
            "social_media_links": [],
            "flights_count": 2,
            "landings_count": 2,
            "spacewalks_count": 0
        },
        {
            "id": 139,
            "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/astronauts/139/?format=api",
            "name": "Richard Hieb",
            "status": {
                "id": 2,
                "name": "Retired"
            },
            "agency": {
                "response_mode": "list",
                "id": 44,
                "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/agencies/44/?format=api",
                "name": "National Aeronautics and Space Administration",
                "abbrev": "NASA",
                "type": {
                    "id": 1,
                    "name": "Government"
                }
            },
            "image": {
                "id": 511,
                "name": "[AUTO] Richard Hieb - image",
                "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/richard2520hieb_image_20181129205559.jpg",
                "thumbnail_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305190037.jpeg",
                "credit": null,
                "license": {
                    "id": 1,
                    "name": "Unknown",
                    "priority": 9,
                    "link": null
                },
                "single_use": true,
                "variants": []
            },
            "response_mode": "normal",
            "type": {
                "id": 2,
                "name": "Government"
            },
            "in_space": false,
            "time_in_space": "P32DT33M45S",
            "eva_time": "PT15H55M",
            "age": 69,
            "date_of_birth": "1955-09-21",
            "date_of_death": null,
            "nationality": [
                {
                    "id": 2,
                    "name": "United States of America",
                    "alpha_2_code": "US",
                    "alpha_3_code": "USA",
                    "nationality_name": "American",
                    "nationality_name_composed": "Americano"
                }
            ],
            "bio": "Richard James Hieb is a former NASA astronaut and a veteran of three space shuttle missions. He was a mission specialist on STS-39 and STS-49, and was a payload commander on STS-65.",
            "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Hieb",
            "last_flight": "1994-07-08T16:43:01Z",
            "first_flight": "1991-04-28T11:33:14Z",
            "social_media_links": [],
            "flights_count": 3,
            "landings_count": 3,
            "spacewalks_count": 3
        },
        {
            "id": 124,
            "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/astronauts/124/?format=api",
            "name": "Lloyd Hammond",
            "status": {
                "id": 2,
                "name": "Retired"
            },
            "agency": {
                "response_mode": "list",
                "id": 44,
                "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/agencies/44/?format=api",
                "name": "National Aeronautics and Space Administration",
                "abbrev": "NASA",
                "type": {
                    "id": 1,
                    "name": "Government"
                }
            },
            "image": {
                "id": 321,
                "name": "[AUTO] Lloyd Hammond - image",
                "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/lloyd2520hammond_image_20181129202538.jpg",
                "thumbnail_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305185537.jpeg",
                "credit": null,
                "license": {
                    "id": 1,
                    "name": "Unknown",
                    "priority": 9,
                    "link": null
                },
                "single_use": true,
                "variants": []
            },
            "response_mode": "normal",
            "type": {
                "id": 2,
                "name": "Government"
            },
            "in_space": false,
            "time_in_space": "P19DT6H10M53S",
            "eva_time": "P0D",
            "age": 73,
            "date_of_birth": "1952-01-16",
            "date_of_death": null,
            "nationality": [
                {
                    "id": 2,
                    "name": "United States of America",
                    "alpha_2_code": "US",
                    "alpha_3_code": "USA",
                    "nationality_name": "American",
                    "nationality_name_composed": "Americano"
                }
            ],
            "bio": "Lloyd Blaine Hammond Jr. is a Gulfstream test pilot, a former United States Air Force officer, and a former NASA astronaut. He flew on two Space Shuttle missions. Selected by NASA in May 1984, Hammond became an astronaut in June 1985 and qualified for assignment as a pilot/commander on Space Shuttle flight crews.",
            "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/L._Blaine_Hammond",
            "last_flight": "1994-09-09T22:22:53Z",
            "first_flight": "1991-04-28T11:33:14Z",
            "social_media_links": [],
            "flights_count": 2,
            "landings_count": 2,
            "spacewalks_count": 0
        },
        {
            "id": 369,
            "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/astronauts/369/?format=api",
            "name": "Richard N. Richards",
            "status": {
                "id": 2,
                "name": "Retired"
            },
            "agency": {
                "response_mode": "list",
                "id": 44,
                "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/agencies/44/?format=api",
                "name": "National Aeronautics and Space Administration",
                "abbrev": "NASA",
                "type": {
                    "id": 1,
                    "name": "Government"
                }
            },
            "image": {
                "id": 201,
                "name": "[AUTO] Richard N. Richards - image",
                "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/richard2520n.2520richards_image_20181202120322.jpg",
                "thumbnail_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305185211.jpeg",
                "credit": null,
                "license": {
                    "id": 1,
                    "name": "Unknown",
                    "priority": 9,
                    "link": null
                },
                "single_use": true,
                "variants": []
            },
            "response_mode": "normal",
            "type": {
                "id": 2,
                "name": "Government"
            },
            "in_space": false,
            "time_in_space": "P33DT21H28M29S",
            "eva_time": "P0D",
            "age": 78,
            "date_of_birth": "1946-08-24",
            "date_of_death": null,
            "nationality": [
                {
                    "id": 2,
                    "name": "United States of America",
                    "alpha_2_code": "US",
                    "alpha_3_code": "USA",
                    "nationality_name": "American",
                    "nationality_name_composed": "Americano"
                }
            ],
            "bio": "Richard Noel \"Dick\" Richards is a retired American naval officer and aviator, test pilot, chemical engineer, and a former NASA astronaut. He flew aboard four Space Shuttle missions in the 1980s and 1990s.",
            "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_N._Richards",
            "last_flight": "1994-09-09T22:22:53Z",
            "first_flight": "1989-08-08T12:37:00Z",
            "social_media_links": [],
            "flights_count": 4,
            "landings_count": 4,
            "spacewalks_count": 0
        },
        {
            "id": 406,
            "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/astronauts/406/?format=api",
            "name": "Carl J. Meade",
            "status": {
                "id": 2,
                "name": "Retired"
            },
            "agency": {
                "response_mode": "list",
                "id": 44,
                "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/agencies/44/?format=api",
                "name": "National Aeronautics and Space Administration",
                "abbrev": "NASA",
                "type": {
                    "id": 1,
                    "name": "Government"
                }
            },
            "image": {
                "id": 346,
                "name": "[AUTO] Carl J. Meade - image",
                "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/carl2520j.2520meade_image_20181202140147.jpg",
                "thumbnail_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305185620.jpeg",
                "credit": null,
                "license": {
                    "id": 1,
                    "name": "Unknown",
                    "priority": 9,
                    "link": null
                },
                "single_use": true,
                "variants": []
            },
            "response_mode": "normal",
            "type": {
                "id": 2,
                "name": "Government"
            },
            "in_space": false,
            "time_in_space": "P29DT16H12M29S",
            "eva_time": "PT6H50M",
            "age": 74,
            "date_of_birth": "1950-11-16",
            "date_of_death": null,
            "nationality": [
                {
                    "id": 2,
                    "name": "United States of America",
                    "alpha_2_code": "US",
                    "alpha_3_code": "USA",
                    "nationality_name": "American",
                    "nationality_name_composed": "Americano"
                }
            ],
            "bio": "Carl Joseph Meade is a former NASA astronaut.",
            "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_J._Meade",
            "last_flight": "1994-09-09T22:22:53Z",
            "first_flight": "1990-11-15T23:48:15Z",
            "social_media_links": [],
            "flights_count": 3,
            "landings_count": 3,
            "spacewalks_count": 1
        },
        {
            "id": 196,
            "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/astronauts/196/?format=api",
            "name": "Ulf Merbold",
            "status": {
                "id": 2,
                "name": "Retired"
            },
            "agency": {
                "response_mode": "list",
                "id": 27,
                "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/agencies/27/?format=api",
                "name": "European Space Agency",
                "abbrev": "ESA",
                "type": {
                    "id": 2,
                    "name": "Multinational"
                }
            },
            "image": {
                "id": 401,
                "name": "[AUTO] Ulf Merbold - image",
                "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/ulf2520merbold_image_20181201175303.jpg",
                "thumbnail_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305185746.jpeg",
                "credit": null,
                "license": {
                    "id": 1,
                    "name": "Unknown",
                    "priority": 9,
                    "link": null
                },
                "single_use": true,
                "variants": []
            },
            "response_mode": "normal",
            "type": {
                "id": 2,
                "name": "Government"
            },
            "in_space": false,
            "time_in_space": "P49DT20H36M57S",
            "eva_time": "P0D",
            "age": 83,
            "date_of_birth": "1941-06-20",
            "date_of_death": null,
            "nationality": [
                {
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                    "name": "Germany",
                    "alpha_2_code": "DE",
                    "alpha_3_code": "DEU",
                    "nationality_name": "German",
                    "nationality_name_composed": "Germano"
                }
            ],
            "bio": "Dr. Ulf Dietrich Merbold (born June 20, 1941) is the first West German citizen and second German native (after Sigmund Jähn) to have flown in space. He is also the first member of the European Space Agency Astronaut Corps to participate in a spaceflight mission and the first non-US citizen to reach orbit in a US spacecraft. In 1983, he and Byron Lichtenberg became the first Payload Specialists to fly on the shuttle.",
            "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ulf_Merbold",
            "last_flight": "1994-10-03T22:42:30Z",
            "first_flight": "1983-11-28T16:00:00Z",
            "social_media_links": [],
            "flights_count": 3,
            "landings_count": 3,
            "spacewalks_count": 0
        },
        {
            "id": 277,
            "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/astronauts/277/?format=api",
            "name": "Aleksandr Viktorenko",
            "status": {
                "id": 11,
                "name": "Deceased"
            },
            "agency": {
                "response_mode": "list",
                "id": 63,
                "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/agencies/63/?format=api",
                "name": "Russian Federal Space Agency (ROSCOSMOS)",
                "abbrev": "RFSA",
                "type": {
                    "id": 1,
                    "name": "Government"
                }
            },
            "image": {
                "id": 575,
                "name": "[AUTO] Aleksandr Viktorenko - image",
                "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/aleksandr2520viktorenko_image_20181201224005.jpg",
                "thumbnail_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305190219.jpeg",
                "credit": null,
                "license": {
                    "id": 1,
                    "name": "Unknown",
                    "priority": 9,
                    "link": null
                },
                "single_use": true,
                "variants": []
            },
            "response_mode": "normal",
            "type": {
                "id": 2,
                "name": "Government"
            },
            "in_space": false,
            "time_in_space": "P489DT1H35M10S",
            "eva_time": "PT19H39M",
            "age": 76,
            "date_of_birth": "1947-03-29",
            "date_of_death": "2023-08-10",
            "nationality": [
                {
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                    "name": "Russia",
                    "alpha_2_code": "RU",
                    "alpha_3_code": "RUS",
                    "nationality_name": "Russian",
                    "nationality_name_composed": "Russo"
                }
            ],
            "bio": "Aleksandr Stepanovich Viktorenko (Александр Степанович Викторенко) was a Soviet cosmonaut. He was born in Olginka, North-Kazakhstan Oblast, Kazakh SSR on March 29, 1947. He is married with two children.\r\n\r\nHe was selected as a cosmonaut on March 23, 1978, and retired on May 30, 1997. During his active career he had been Commander of Soyuz TM-3, Soyuz TM-8, Soyuz TM-14 and Soyuz TM-20. He has spent a total of 489 days in space.",
            "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aleksandr_Viktorenko",
            "last_flight": "1994-10-03T22:42:30Z",
            "first_flight": "1987-07-22T01:59:17Z",
            "social_media_links": [],
            "flights_count": 4,
            "landings_count": 4,
            "spacewalks_count": 6
        }
    ]
}