Previous Launch List
API endpoint that returns previous Launch objects.
GET Return a list of previous Launches
FILTERS Fields - 'name', 'id(s)', 'lsp__id', 'lsp__name', 'serial_number', 'launcher_config__id', 'rocket__spacecraftflight__spacecraft__name', 'is_crewed', 'include_suborbital', 'spacecraft_config__ids', 'related', 'location__ids', 'lsp__ids', 'pad__ids', 'status__ids'
MODE 'normal', 'list', 'detailed' EXAMPLE ?mode=list
SEARCH Searches through the launch name, rocket name, launch agency and mission name. EXAMPLE - ?search=SpaceX
GET /2.2.0/launch/previous/?format=api&offset=280&ordering=-id
https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/launch/previous/?format=api&limit=10&offset=290&ordering=-id", "previous": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/launch/previous/?format=api&limit=10&offset=270&ordering=-id", "results": [ { "id": "0a4ae6ce-07ef-4e48-9b4d-0bf4e1182134", "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/launch/0a4ae6ce-07ef-4e48-9b4d-0bf4e1182134/?format=api", "slug": "electron-the-mountain-god-guards-iqps-launch-3", "name": "Electron | The Mountain God Guards (iQPS Launch 3)", "status": { "id": 3, "name": "Launch Successful", "abbrev": "Success", "description": "The launch vehicle successfully inserted its payload(s) into the target orbit(s)." }, "last_updated": "2025-06-13T23:25:01Z", "net": "2025-06-11T15:31:00Z", "window_end": "2025-06-11T16:05:00Z", "window_start": "2025-06-11T15:15:00Z", "net_precision": { "id": 1, "name": "Minute", "abbrev": "MIN", "description": "The T-0 is accurate to the minute." }, "probability": 70, "weather_concerns": null, "holdreason": "", "failreason": "", "hashtag": null, "launch_service_provider": { "id": 147, "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/147/?format=api", "name": "Rocket Lab", "type": "Commercial" }, "rocket": { "id": 8520, "configuration": { "id": 26, "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/config/launcher/26/?format=api", "name": "Electron", "family": "", "full_name": "Electron", "variant": "" } }, "mission": { "id": 7110, "name": "The Mountain God Guards (iQPS Launch 3)", "description": "Synthetic aperture radar Earth observation satellite for Japanese Earth imaging company iQPS.", "launch_designator": null, "type": "Earth Science", "orbit": { "id": 8, "name": "Low Earth Orbit", "abbrev": "LEO" }, "agencies": [ { "id": 1092, "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/1092/?format=api", "name": "Institute for Q-shu Pioneers of Space", "featured": false, "type": "Private", "country_code": "JPN", "abbrev": "iQPS", "description": "iQPS (Institute for Q-shu Pioneers of Space, Inc.) is a Japanese satellite manufacturer and operator. The company was founded as a spin-off company of Kyushu University in 2005.", "administrator": "CEO: Shunsuke Onishi", "founding_year": "2005", "launchers": "", "spacecraft": "", "launch_library_url": null, "total_launch_count": 0, "consecutive_successful_launches": 0, "successful_launches": 0, "failed_launches": 0, "pending_launches": 0, "consecutive_successful_landings": 0, "successful_landings": 0, "failed_landings": 0, "attempted_landings": 0, "info_url": "https://i-qps.net/en/", "wiki_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IQPS", "logo_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/iqps_logo_image_20250303221951.jpg", "image_url": null, "nation_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/iqps_social_log_image_20250303221924.jpg" } ], "info_urls": [], "vid_urls": [] }, "pad": { "id": 65, "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/pad/65/?format=api", "agency_id": 147, "name": "Rocket Lab Launch Complex 1A", "description": "", "info_url": null, "wiki_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rocket_Lab_Launch_Complex_1", "map_url": "https://www.google.com/maps?q=-39.262833,177.864469", "latitude": "-39.262833", "longitude": "177.864469", "location": { "id": 10, "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/location/10/?format=api", "name": "Rocket Lab Launch Complex 1, Mahia Peninsula, New Zealand", "country_code": "NZL", "description": "Rocket Lab Launch Complex 1 is a commercial spaceport located close to Ahuriri Point at the southern tip of Māhia Peninsula, on the east coast of New Zealand's North Island. It is owned and operated by private spaceflight company Rocket Lab and supports launches of the company's Electron rocket for small satellites. With the launch of Electron on 25 May 2017, it became the first private spaceport to host an orbital launch attempt, and the first site in New Zealand to host an orbital launch attempt. With the Electron launch of 21 January 2018, it became the first private spaceport to host a successful orbital launch.", "map_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/map_images/location_10_20200803142509.jpg", "timezone_name": "Pacific/Auckland", "total_launch_count": 60, "total_landing_count": 17 }, "country_code": "NZL", "map_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/map_images/pad_65_20200803143549.jpg", "total_launch_count": 31, "orbital_launch_attempt_count": 31 }, "webcast_live": false, "image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/electron_image_20190705175640.jpeg", "infographic": null, "program": [], "orbital_launch_attempt_count": 6978, "location_launch_attempt_count": 60, "pad_launch_attempt_count": 31, "agency_launch_attempt_count": 66, "orbital_launch_attempt_count_year": 129, "location_launch_attempt_count_year": 8, "pad_launch_attempt_count_year": 4, "agency_launch_attempt_count_year": 8, "type": "normal" }, { "id": "08f64722-f81e-45be-b744-52fe91cc339a", "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/launch/08f64722-f81e-45be-b744-52fe91cc339a/?format=api", "slug": "ceres-1-5-satellites-3", "name": "Ceres-1 | 5 satellites", "status": { "id": 3, "name": "Launch Successful", "abbrev": "Success", "description": "The launch vehicle successfully inserted its payload(s) into the target orbit(s)." }, "last_updated": "2025-01-29T22:21:35Z", "net": "2025-01-20T10:11:00Z", "window_end": "2025-01-20T10:46:00Z", "window_start": "2025-01-20T09:59:00Z", "net_precision": { "id": 1, "name": "Minute", "abbrev": "MIN", "description": "The T-0 is accurate to the minute." }, "probability": null, "weather_concerns": null, "holdreason": "", "failreason": "", "hashtag": null, "launch_service_provider": { "id": 1021, "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/1021/?format=api", "name": "Galactic Energy", "type": "Commercial" }, "rocket": { "id": 8460, "configuration": { "id": 461, "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/config/launcher/461/?format=api", "name": "Ceres-1", "family": "Ceres-1", "full_name": "Ceres-1", "variant": "Ceres-1" } }, "mission": { "id": 7049, "name": "5 satellites", "description": "Carried 5 satellites to sun synchronous orbit:\r\n\r\n* Yunyao-1 37 to 40\r\n* Jitianxing A-05", "launch_designator": null, "type": "Earth Science", "orbit": { "id": 17, "name": "Sun-Synchronous Orbit", "abbrev": "SSO" }, "agencies": [], "info_urls": [], "vid_urls": [] }, "pad": { "id": 21, "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/pad/21/?format=api", "agency_id": null, "name": "Launch Area 95A", "description": "", "info_url": null, "wiki_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jiuquan_Satellite_Launch_Center", "map_url": "https://www.google.com/maps?q=40.969117,100.343333", "latitude": "40.969117", "longitude": "100.343333", "location": { "id": 17, "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/location/17/?format=api", "name": "Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center, People's Republic of China", "country_code": "CHN", "description": "Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center is a Chinese spaceport located between the Ejin, Alxa, Inner Mongolia and Hangtian Town, Jinta County, Jiuquan, Gansu Province. It is part of the Dongfeng Aerospace City (Base 10).", "map_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/map_images/location_17_20200803142429.jpg", "timezone_name": "Asia/Shanghai", "total_launch_count": 253, "total_landing_count": 0 }, "country_code": "CHN", "map_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/map_images/pad_21_20200803143253.jpg", "total_launch_count": 59, "orbital_launch_attempt_count": 59 }, "webcast_live": false, "image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/ceres-1_image_20230722081939.jpeg", "infographic": null, "program": [], "orbital_launch_attempt_count": 6862, "location_launch_attempt_count": 241, "pad_launch_attempt_count": 56, "agency_launch_attempt_count": 17, "orbital_launch_attempt_count_year": 13, "location_launch_attempt_count_year": 2, "pad_launch_attempt_count_year": 1, "agency_launch_attempt_count_year": 1, "type": "normal" }, { "id": "08433f85-5ba3-470d-95ed-167e615e9e9a", "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/launch/08433f85-5ba3-470d-95ed-167e615e9e9a/?format=api", "slug": "new-shepard-ns-31", "name": "New Shepard | NS-31", "status": { "id": 3, "name": "Launch Successful", "abbrev": "Success", "description": "The launch vehicle successfully inserted its payload(s) into the target orbit(s)." }, "last_updated": "2025-04-14T19:15:26Z", "net": "2025-04-14T13:30:00Z", "window_end": "2025-04-14T13:30:00Z", "window_start": "2025-04-14T13:30:00Z", "net_precision": { "id": 0, "name": "Second", "abbrev": "SEC", "description": "The T-0 is accurate to the second." }, "probability": null, "weather_concerns": null, "holdreason": "", "failreason": "", "hashtag": null, "launch_service_provider": { "id": 141, "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/141/?format=api", "name": "Blue Origin", "type": "Commercial" }, "rocket": { "id": 8543, "configuration": { "id": 137, "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/config/launcher/137/?format=api", "name": "New Shepard", "family": "", "full_name": "New Shepard", "variant": "" } }, "mission": { "id": 7134, "name": "NS-31", "description": "NS-31 is the 11th crewed flight for the New Shepard program and the 31st in its history.", "launch_designator": null, "type": "Tourism", "orbit": { "id": 15, "name": "Suborbital", "abbrev": "Sub" }, "agencies": [ { "id": 141, "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/141/?format=api", "name": "Blue Origin", "featured": true, "type": "Commercial", "country_code": "USA", "abbrev": "BO", "description": "Blue Origin is an American privately funded aerospace manufacturer and spaceflight services company set up by Amazon.com founder Jeff Bezos with its headquarters in Kent, Washington. The company is developing technologies to enable private human access to space with the goal to dramatically lower costs and increase reliability. Blue Origin currently launches its New Shepard sub-orbital vehicle from its West Texas launch site, they are currently constructing a launch pad for their orbital vehicle New Glenn at Cape Canaveral LC-36.", "administrator": "CEO: Jeff Bezos", "founding_year": "2000", "launchers": "New Shepard | New Glenn", "spacecraft": "", "launch_library_url": null, "total_launch_count": 33, "consecutive_successful_launches": 10, "successful_launches": 32, "failed_launches": 1, "pending_launches": 5, "consecutive_successful_landings": 4, "successful_landings": 30, "failed_landings": 3, "attempted_landings": 33, "info_url": "https://www.blueorigin.com/", "wiki_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blue_Origin", "logo_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/blue2520origin_logo_20190207032427.png", "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/blue2520origin_image_20190207032427.jpeg", "nation_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/blue2520origin_nation_20240222073724.jpg" } ], "info_urls": [], "vid_urls": [] }, "pad": { "id": 90, "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/pad/90/?format=api", "agency_id": 141, "name": "West Texas Suborbital Launch Site/ Corn Ranch", "description": null, "info_url": "https://www.blueorigin.com", "wiki_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corn_Ranch", "map_url": "https://www.google.com/maps?q=31.422878000000000,-104.757121000000000", "latitude": "31.422878", "longitude": "-104.757121", "location": { "id": 29, "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/location/29/?format=api", "name": "Corn Ranch, Van Horn, TX, USA", "country_code": "USA", "description": "Corn Ranch, commonly referred to as Launch Site One (LSO), is a spaceport owned and operated by Blue Origin which is located approximately 30 miles north of the town of Van Horn, Texas, United States.", "map_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/map_images/location_29_20200803142436.jpg", "timezone_name": "America/Chicago", "total_launch_count": 32, "total_landing_count": 32 }, "country_code": "USA", "map_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/map_images/pad_90_20200803143233.jpg", "total_launch_count": 32, "orbital_launch_attempt_count": 0 }, "webcast_live": false, "image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/new_shepard_lif_image_20240621062033.jpeg", "infographic": null, "program": [], "orbital_launch_attempt_count": null, "location_launch_attempt_count": 31, "pad_launch_attempt_count": 31, "agency_launch_attempt_count": 32, "orbital_launch_attempt_count_year": 0, "location_launch_attempt_count_year": 3, "pad_launch_attempt_count_year": 3, "agency_launch_attempt_count_year": 4, "type": "normal" }, { "id": "0680d9c6-8b90-405e-bbe0-167cd48e36bb", "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/launch/0680d9c6-8b90-405e-bbe0-167cd48e36bb/?format=api", "slug": "h3-22-michibiki-6-qzs-6", "name": "H3-22 | Michibiki 6 (QZS-6)", "status": { "id": 3, "name": "Launch Successful", "abbrev": "Success", "description": "The launch vehicle successfully inserted its payload(s) into the target orbit(s)." }, "last_updated": "2025-02-09T22:18:20Z", "net": "2025-02-02T08:30:00Z", "window_end": "2025-02-02T10:30:00Z", "window_start": "2025-02-02T08:30:00Z", "net_precision": { "id": 0, "name": "Second", "abbrev": "SEC", "description": "The T-0 is accurate to the second." }, "probability": null, "weather_concerns": null, "holdreason": "", "failreason": "", "hashtag": null, "launch_service_provider": { "id": 98, "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/98/?format=api", "name": "Mitsubishi Heavy Industries", "type": "Commercial" }, "rocket": { "id": 7767, "configuration": { "id": 486, "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/config/launcher/486/?format=api", "name": "H3-22", "family": "H3", "full_name": "H3-22", "variant": "22" } }, "mission": { "id": 6285, "name": "Michibiki 6 (QZS-6)", "description": "QZSS (Quasi Zenith Satellite System) is a Japanese satellite navigation system operating from inclined, elliptical geosynchronous orbits to achieve optimal high-elevation visibility in urban canyons and mountainous areas. The navigation system objective is to broadcast GPS-interoperable and augmentation signals as well as original Japanese (QZSS) signals from a three-spacecraft constellation.\r\n\r\nThe navigation system objective is to broadcast GPS-interoperable and augmentation signals as well as original Japanese (QZSS) signals from a three-spacecraft constellation in inclined, elliptical geosynchronous orbits.", "launch_designator": null, "type": "Navigation", "orbit": { "id": 2, "name": "Geostationary Transfer Orbit", "abbrev": "GTO" }, "agencies": [], "info_urls": [], "vid_urls": [] }, "pad": { "id": 209, "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/pad/209/?format=api", "agency_id": 37, "name": "Yoshinobu Launch Complex LP-2", "description": "", "info_url": null, "wiki_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yoshinobu_Launch_Complex", "map_url": "https://www.google.com/maps?q=30.400938,130.97564", "latitude": "30.400938", "longitude": "130.97564", "location": { "id": 26, "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/location/26/?format=api", "name": "Tanegashima Space Center, Japan", "country_code": "JPN", "description": "The Tanegashima Space Center is the largest rocket-launch complex in Japan. It is located on the southeastern tip of Tanegashima, an island located south of Kyushu, an island and region and Japan. It was established in 1969 when the National Space Development Agency of Japan (NASDA) was formed, and is now run by JAXA. The activities that take place at TNSC include assembly, testing, launching, and tracking satellites, as well as rocket engine firing tests.", "map_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/map_images/location_26_20200803142507.jpg", "timezone_name": "Asia/Tokyo", "total_launch_count": 94, "total_landing_count": 0 }, "country_code": "JPN", "map_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/map_images/pad_yoshinobu_launch_complex_lp-2_20230707124715.jpg", "total_launch_count": 14, "orbital_launch_attempt_count": 14 }, "webcast_live": false, "image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/h3-22_image_20230307130808.jpeg", "infographic": null, "program": [], "orbital_launch_attempt_count": 6872, "location_launch_attempt_count": 94, "pad_launch_attempt_count": 14, "agency_launch_attempt_count": 54, "orbital_launch_attempt_count_year": 23, "location_launch_attempt_count_year": 1, "pad_launch_attempt_count_year": 1, "agency_launch_attempt_count_year": 1, "type": "normal" }, { "id": "065fee4a-8c84-4167-a105-5bf0b0d8ed0f", "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/launch/065fee4a-8c84-4167-a105-5bf0b0d8ed0f/?format=api", "slug": "long-march-7a-chinasat-3a", "name": "Long March 7A | ChinaSat 3A", "status": { "id": 3, "name": "Launch Successful", "abbrev": "Success", "description": "The launch vehicle successfully inserted its payload(s) into the target orbit(s)." }, "last_updated": "2024-06-30T00:38:26Z", "net": "2024-06-29T11:57:00Z", "window_end": "2024-06-29T13:27:00Z", "window_start": "2024-06-29T11:47:00Z", "net_precision": { "id": 1, "name": "Minute", "abbrev": "MIN", "description": "The T-0 is accurate to the minute." }, "probability": null, "weather_concerns": null, "holdreason": "", "failreason": "", "hashtag": null, "launch_service_provider": { "id": 88, "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/88/?format=api", "name": "China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation", "type": "Government" }, "rocket": { "id": 8275, "configuration": { "id": 216, "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/config/launcher/216/?format=api", "name": "Long March 7A", "family": "Long March", "full_name": "Long March 7A", "variant": "" } }, "mission": { "id": 6856, "name": "ChinaSat 3A", "description": "Chinese communication geostationary satellite for unknown purposes.", "launch_designator": null, "type": "Communications", "orbit": { "id": 2, "name": "Geostationary Transfer Orbit", "abbrev": "GTO" }, "agencies": [], "info_urls": [], "vid_urls": [] }, "pad": { "id": 176, "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/pad/176/?format=api", "agency_id": null, "name": "201", "description": "", "info_url": null, "wiki_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wenchang_Spacecraft_Launch_Site", "map_url": "https://www.google.com/maps?q=19.618452,110.955356", "latitude": "19.618452", "longitude": "110.955356", "location": { "id": 8, "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/location/8/?format=api", "name": "Wenchang Space Launch Site, People's Republic of China", "country_code": "CHN", "description": "The Wenchang Space Launch Site is a rocket launch site located in Wenchang on the island of Hainan, in China.\r\n\r\nFormally a suborbital test center, it currently serves as China's southernmost spaceport. The site was selected for its low latitude, 19° north of the equator, allowing for larger payloads to be launched. It is capable of launching the Long March 5, the heaviest Chinese rocket. Unlike launch facilities on the mainland, Wenchang uses its seaport for deliveries.", "map_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/map_images/location_8_20200803142445.jpg", "timezone_name": "Asia/Shanghai", "total_launch_count": 39, "total_landing_count": 0 }, "country_code": "CHN", "map_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/map_images/pad_176_20200803143412.jpg", "total_launch_count": 23, "orbital_launch_attempt_count": 23 }, "webcast_live": false, "image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/long_march_7a_image_20210311201838.jpg", "infographic": null, "program": [], "orbital_launch_attempt_count": 6714, "location_launch_attempt_count": 30, "pad_launch_attempt_count": 18, "agency_launch_attempt_count": 473, "orbital_launch_attempt_count_year": 125, "location_launch_attempt_count_year": 5, "pad_launch_attempt_count_year": 3, "agency_launch_attempt_count_year": 21, "type": "normal" }, { "id": "05eef4ad-acc0-490d-822e-ce1c98f37c11", "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/launch/05eef4ad-acc0-490d-822e-ce1c98f37c11/?format=api", "slug": "falcon-9-block-5-starlink-group-6-67", "name": "Falcon 9 Block 5 | Starlink Group 6-67", "status": { "id": 3, "name": "Launch Successful", "abbrev": "Success", "description": "The launch vehicle successfully inserted its payload(s) into the target orbit(s)." }, "last_updated": "2025-05-15T07:01:34Z", "net": "2025-05-14T16:38:50Z", "window_end": "2025-05-14T18:47:09Z", "window_start": "2025-05-14T16:38:50Z", "net_precision": { "id": 0, "name": "Second", "abbrev": "SEC", "description": "The T-0 is accurate to the second." }, "probability": 95, "weather_concerns": "Cumulus Cloud Rule", "holdreason": "", "failreason": "", "hashtag": null, "launch_service_provider": { "id": 121, "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/121/?format=api", "name": "SpaceX", "type": "Commercial" }, "rocket": { "id": 8605, "configuration": { "id": 164, "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/config/launcher/164/?format=api", "name": "Falcon 9", "family": "Falcon", "full_name": "Falcon 9 Block 5", "variant": "Block 5" } }, "mission": { "id": 7197, "name": "Starlink Group 6-67", "description": "A batch of 28 satellites for the Starlink mega-constellation - SpaceX's project for space-based Internet communication system.", "launch_designator": null, "type": "Communications", "orbit": { "id": 8, "name": "Low Earth Orbit", "abbrev": "LEO" }, "agencies": [ { "id": 121, "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/121/?format=api", "name": "SpaceX", "featured": true, "type": "Commercial", "country_code": "USA", "abbrev": "SpX", "description": "Space Exploration Technologies Corp., known as SpaceX, is an American aerospace manufacturer and space transport services company headquartered in Hawthorne, California. It was founded in 2002 by entrepreneur Elon Musk with the goal of reducing space transportation costs and enabling the colonization of Mars. SpaceX operates from many pads, on the East Coast of the US they operate from SLC-40 at Cape Canaveral Space Force Station and historic LC-39A at Kennedy Space Center. They also operate from SLC-4E at Vandenberg Space Force Base, California, usually for polar launches. 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