Astronaut List
API endpoint that allows Astronaut to be viewed.
GET: Return a list of all the existing astronauts.
MODE: Normal, List, LaunchList and Detailed /2.2.0/astronaut/?mode=detailed
FILTERS: Parameters - 'name', 'status', 'nationality', 'agency__name', 'agency__abbrev', 'date_of_birth', 'date_of_death', 'status_ids', 'is_human', 'type__id', 'has_flown', 'in_space' Example - /2.2.0/astronaut/?nationality=American
SEARCH EXAMPLE: /2.2.0/astronaut/?search=armstrong Searches through name, nationality and agency name
ORDERING: Fields - 'name', 'status', 'date_of_birth' Example - /2.2.0/astronaut/?order=name
GET /2.2.0/astronaut/?format=api&offset=70&ordering=landings_count
{ "count": 846, "next": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/astronaut/?format=api&limit=10&offset=80&ordering=landings_count", "previous": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/astronaut/?format=api&limit=10&offset=60&ordering=landings_count", "results": [ { "id": 774, "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/astronaut/774/?format=api", "name": "Marcus Wandt", "status": { "id": 1, "name": "Active" }, "type": { "id": 2, "name": "Government" }, "in_space": false, "time_in_space": "P21DT15H40M49S", "eva_time": "P0D", "age": 45, "date_of_birth": "1980-09-22", "date_of_death": null, "nationality": "Swedish", "bio": "Marcus Wandt is a Swedish test pilot and member of the European Space Agency's 2022 astronaut class reserve.", "twitter": "https://twitter.com/astro_marcus", "instagram": "https://www.instagram.com/esaastro_marcus/", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marcus_Wandt", "agency": { "id": 27, "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/27/?format=api", "name": "European Space Agency", "featured": false, "type": "Multinational", "country_code": "FRA,ITA,DEU,ESP,CHE,GBR,AUT,SWE,PRT,NLD,HUN,POL,DNK,CZE,ROU,NOR,FIN,GRC,EST,IRL,LUX,BEL,SVN", "abbrev": "ESA", "description": "The European Space Agency is an intergovernmental organisation of 22 member states. Established in 1975 and headquartered in Paris, France, ESA has a worldwide staff of about 2,000 employees.\r\n\r\nESA's space flight programme includes human spaceflight (mainly through participation in the International Space Station program); the launch and operation of unmanned exploration missions to other planets and the Moon; Earth observation, science and telecommunication; designing launch vehicles; and maintaining a major spaceport, the Guiana Space Centre at Kourou, French Guiana.", "administrator": "Director General: Josef Aschbacher", "founding_year": "1975", "launchers": "Ariane | Vega", "spacecraft": "Space Rider", "parent": null, "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/esa_patch_float_image_20250211192109.png", "logo_url": "https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/european2520space2520agency_logo_20221130101442.png" }, "profile_image": "https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/marcus_wandt_image_20230912131352.jpg", "profile_image_thumbnail": "https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305185253.jpeg", "flights_count": 1, "landings_count": 1, "spacewalks_count": 0, "last_flight": "2024-01-18T21:49:11Z", "first_flight": "2024-01-18T21:49:11Z" }, { "id": 579, "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/astronaut/579/?format=api", "name": "Jasmin Moghbeli", "status": { "id": 1, "name": "Active" }, "type": { "id": 2, "name": "Government" }, "in_space": false, "time_in_space": "P199DT2H19M33S", "eva_time": "PT6H42M", "age": 42, "date_of_birth": "1983-06-24", "date_of_death": null, "nationality": "American", "bio": "Jasmin Moghbeli is an Iranian-American Marine Corps test pilot and NASA astronaut of the class of 2017. She is a graduate of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Naval Postgraduate School, and U.S. Naval Test Pilot School, and has over 1,600 hours of flight time and 150 combat missions.", "twitter": "https://twitter.com/AstroJaws", "instagram": "https://www.instagram.com/astrojaws/", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jasmin_Moghbeli", "agency": { "id": 44, "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/44/?format=api", "name": "National Aeronautics and Space Administration", "featured": true, "type": "Government", "country_code": "USA", "abbrev": "NASA", "description": "The National Aeronautics and Space Administration is an independent agency of the executive branch of the United States federal government responsible for the civilian space program, as well as aeronautics and aerospace research. NASA have many launch facilities but most are inactive. The most commonly used pad will be LC-39B at Kennedy Space Center in Florida.", "administrator": "Acting Administrator: James Free", "founding_year": "1958", "launchers": "Space Shuttle | SLS", "spacecraft": "Orion", "parent": null, "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/national2520aeronautics2520and2520space2520administration_image_20190207032448.jpeg", "logo_url": "https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/national2520aeronautics2520and2520space2520administration_logo_20190207032448.png" }, "profile_image": "https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/jasmin_moghbeli_image_20230826072835.jpg", "profile_image_thumbnail": "https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305185215.jpeg", "flights_count": 1, "landings_count": 1, "spacewalks_count": 1, "last_flight": "2023-08-26T07:27:27Z", "first_flight": "2023-08-26T07:27:27Z" }, { "id": 797, "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/astronaut/797/?format=api", "name": "Guangsu Li", "status": { "id": 1, "name": "Active" }, "type": { "id": 2, "name": "Government" }, "in_space": false, "time_in_space": "P192DT4H25M27S", "eva_time": "PT8H23M", "age": 38, "date_of_birth": "1987-07-01", "date_of_death": null, "nationality": "Chinese", "bio": "Li Guangsu is a Chinese pilot and astronaut selected as part of the Shenzhou program. He enlisted in the People's Liberation Army (PLA) in September 2006, and joined the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) in June 2011.", "twitter": null, "instagram": null, "wiki": null, "agency": { "id": 17, "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/17/?format=api", "name": "China National Space Administration", "featured": true, "type": "Government", "country_code": "CHN", "abbrev": "CNSA", "description": "The China National Space Administration (CNSA) is the national space agency of the People's Republic of China. It is responsible for the national space program and for planning and development of space activities. CNSA and China Aerospace Corporation (CASC) assumed the authority over space development efforts previously held by the Ministry of Aerospace Industry. The CNSA has many launch sites around China with their orbital sites located in Jiuquan, Xichang, Taiyuan and Wenchang.", "administrator": "Administrator: Tang Dengjie", "founding_year": "1993", "launchers": "", "spacecraft": "Shenzhou", "parent": null, "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/china2520national2520space2520administration_image_20190207032431.jpeg", "logo_url": "https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/china2520national2520space2520administration_logo_20190207032431.png" }, "profile_image": "https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/guangsu_li_image_20240427164223.jpg", "profile_image_thumbnail": "https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/guangsu_li_image_thumbnail_20240427164223.jpeg", "flights_count": 1, "landings_count": 1, "spacewalks_count": 1, "last_flight": "2024-04-25T12:59:00Z", "first_flight": "2024-04-25T12:59:00Z" }, { "id": 98, "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/astronaut/98/?format=api", "name": "Reinhold Ewald", "status": { "id": 2, "name": "Retired" }, "type": { "id": 2, "name": "Government" }, "in_space": false, "time_in_space": "P19DT16H34M30S", "eva_time": "P0D", "age": 68, "date_of_birth": "1956-12-18", "date_of_death": null, "nationality": "German", "bio": "Dr. Reinhold Ewald (born December 18, 1956) is a German physicist and ESA astronaut.\r\n\r\nIn 1990, he was selected to the German astronaut team, training for the Mir '92 mission. He was the backup of Klaus-Dietrich Flade for the Soyuz TM-14 mission. In 1995 he began training for the second German Mir mission. In February 1997 he flew to the space station Mir with Soyuz TM-25, spending 20 days in space. He performed experiments in biomedical and material sciences, and carried out operational tests in preparation for the International Space Station.", "twitter": null, "instagram": null, "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinhold_Ewald", "agency": { "id": 27, "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/27/?format=api", "name": "European Space Agency", "featured": false, "type": "Multinational", "country_code": "FRA,ITA,DEU,ESP,CHE,GBR,AUT,SWE,PRT,NLD,HUN,POL,DNK,CZE,ROU,NOR,FIN,GRC,EST,IRL,LUX,BEL,SVN", "abbrev": "ESA", "description": "The European Space Agency is an intergovernmental organisation of 22 member states. Established in 1975 and headquartered in Paris, France, ESA has a worldwide staff of about 2,000 employees.\r\n\r\nESA's space flight programme includes human spaceflight (mainly through participation in the International Space Station program); the launch and operation of unmanned exploration missions to other planets and the Moon; Earth observation, science and telecommunication; designing launch vehicles; and maintaining a major spaceport, the Guiana Space Centre at Kourou, French Guiana.", "administrator": "Director General: Josef Aschbacher", "founding_year": "1975", "launchers": "Ariane | Vega", "spacecraft": "Space Rider", "parent": null, "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/esa_patch_float_image_20250211192109.png", "logo_url": "https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/european2520space2520agency_logo_20221130101442.png" }, "profile_image": "https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/reinhold2520ewald_image_20181128230159.jpg", "profile_image_thumbnail": "https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305185413.jpeg", "flights_count": 1, "landings_count": 1, "spacewalks_count": 0, "last_flight": "1997-02-10T14:09:30Z", "first_flight": "1997-02-10T14:09:30Z" }, { "id": 783, "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/astronaut/783/?format=api", "name": "Xinlin Jiang", "status": { "id": 1, "name": "Active" }, "type": { "id": 2, "name": "Government" }, "in_space": false, "time_in_space": "P187DT6H31M58S", "eva_time": "PT8H2M", "age": 37, "date_of_birth": "1988-02-01", "date_of_death": null, "nationality": "Chinese", "bio": "Jiang Xinlin is a Chinese pilot and astronaut selected as part of the Shenzhou program. He enlisted in the People's Liberation Army (PLA) Air Forces in September 2006, and joined the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) in January 2010.", "twitter": null, "instagram": null, "wiki": null, "agency": { "id": 17, "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/17/?format=api", "name": "China National Space Administration", "featured": true, "type": "Government", "country_code": "CHN", "abbrev": "CNSA", "description": "The China National Space Administration (CNSA) is the national space agency of the People's Republic of China. It is responsible for the national space program and for planning and development of space activities. CNSA and China Aerospace Corporation (CASC) assumed the authority over space development efforts previously held by the Ministry of Aerospace Industry. The CNSA has many launch sites around China with their orbital sites located in Jiuquan, Xichang, Taiyuan and Wenchang.", "administrator": "Administrator: Tang Dengjie", "founding_year": "1993", "launchers": "", "spacecraft": "Shenzhou", "parent": null, "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/china2520national2520space2520administration_image_20190207032431.jpeg", "logo_url": "https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/china2520national2520space2520administration_logo_20190207032431.png" }, "profile_image": "https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/xinlin_jiang_image_20231025055835.jpeg", "profile_image_thumbnail": "https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305185525.jpeg", "flights_count": 1, "landings_count": 1, "spacewalks_count": 1, "last_flight": "2023-10-26T03:14:02Z", "first_flight": "2023-10-26T03:14:02Z" }, { "id": 752, "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/astronaut/752/?format=api", "name": "Zhang Lu", "status": { "id": 1, "name": "Active" }, "type": { "id": 2, "name": "Government" }, "in_space": true, "time_in_space": "P229DT17H40M20S", "eva_time": "P1DT9H23M", "age": 49, "date_of_birth": "1976-11-01", "date_of_death": null, "nationality": "Chinese", "bio": "Zhang Lu is a Chinese pilot selected in 2010 to be an astronaut.", "twitter": null, "instagram": null, "wiki": null, "agency": { "id": 17, "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/17/?format=api", "name": "China National Space Administration", "featured": true, "type": "Government", "country_code": "CHN", "abbrev": "CNSA", "description": "The China National Space Administration (CNSA) is the national space agency of the People's Republic of China. It is responsible for the national space program and for planning and development of space activities. CNSA and China Aerospace Corporation (CASC) assumed the authority over space development efforts previously held by the Ministry of Aerospace Industry. The CNSA has many launch sites around China with their orbital sites located in Jiuquan, Xichang, Taiyuan and Wenchang.", "administrator": "Administrator: Tang Dengjie", "founding_year": "1993", "launchers": "", "spacecraft": "Shenzhou", "parent": null, "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/china2520national2520space2520administration_image_20190207032431.jpeg", "logo_url": "https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/china2520national2520space2520administration_logo_20190207032431.png" }, "profile_image": "https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/zhang_lu_offici_image_20251030081918.jpg", "profile_image_thumbnail": "https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/zhang_lu_offici_image_thumbnail_20251030081918.jpeg", "flights_count": 2, "landings_count": 1, "spacewalks_count": 5, "last_flight": "2025-10-31T15:44:46Z", "first_flight": "2022-11-29T15:08:17Z" }, { "id": 653, "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/astronaut/653/?format=api", "name": "Matthias Maurer", "status": { "id": 1, "name": "Active" }, "type": { "id": 2, "name": "Government" }, "in_space": false, "time_in_space": "P176DT2H39M29S", "eva_time": "PT6H54M", "age": 55, "date_of_birth": "1970-03-18", "date_of_death": null, "nationality": "German", "bio": "Maurer applied to the European Space Agency as an astronaut in 2008, but was not initially appointed to the European Astronaut Corps. He formally joined the European Astronaut Corps in July 2015. In March 2018, he gained certification to perform International Space Station-related spacewalks in the American spacesuit EMU. In 2018 he also successfully graduated from both basic astronaut training and pre-assignment training and thus became fully certified to go to space.\r\nOn 28 July 2020, Maurer was announced as a backup for Thomas Pesquet for the ISS expedition 65. His own flight is scheduled to take place no earlier than September 2021 aboard SpaceX Crew-3.", "twitter": "https://twitter.com/astro_matthias", "instagram": "https://www.instagram.com/esamatthiasmaurer", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matthias_Maurer", "agency": { "id": 27, "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/27/?format=api", "name": "European Space Agency", "featured": false, "type": "Multinational", "country_code": "FRA,ITA,DEU,ESP,CHE,GBR,AUT,SWE,PRT,NLD,HUN,POL,DNK,CZE,ROU,NOR,FIN,GRC,EST,IRL,LUX,BEL,SVN", "abbrev": "ESA", "description": "The European Space Agency is an intergovernmental organisation of 22 member states. Established in 1975 and headquartered in Paris, France, ESA has a worldwide staff of about 2,000 employees.\r\n\r\nESA's space flight programme includes human spaceflight (mainly through participation in the International Space Station program); the launch and operation of unmanned exploration missions to other planets and the Moon; Earth observation, science and telecommunication; designing launch vehicles; and maintaining a major spaceport, the Guiana Space Centre at Kourou, French Guiana.", "administrator": "Director General: Josef Aschbacher", "founding_year": "1975", "launchers": "Ariane | Vega", "spacecraft": "Space Rider", "parent": null, "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/esa_patch_float_image_20250211192109.png", "logo_url": "https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/european2520space2520agency_logo_20221130101442.png" }, "profile_image": "https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/matthias_maurer_image_20211001184714.jpg", "profile_image_thumbnail": "https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305190207.jpeg", "flights_count": 1, "landings_count": 1, "spacewalks_count": 1, "last_flight": "2021-11-11T02:03:31Z", "first_flight": "2021-11-11T02:03:31Z" }, { "id": 6, "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/astronaut/6/?format=api", "name": "David Saint-Jacques", "status": { "id": 1, "name": "Active" }, "type": { "id": 2, "name": "Government" }, "in_space": false, "time_in_space": "P203DT12H28M8S", "eva_time": "PT6H29M", "age": 55, "date_of_birth": "1970-01-06", "date_of_death": null, "nationality": "Canadian", "bio": "David Saint-Jacques is a Canadian astronaut with the Canadian Space Agency (CSA).\r\nHe was also an engineer, an astrophysicist, and a physician prior to joining the CSA.\r\nHe was selected to join the CSA in the 2009 CSA selection along with Jeremy Hansen.", "twitter": "https://twitter.com/Astro_DavidS", "instagram": "https://www.instagram.com/astrodavids/", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Saint-Jacques", "agency": { "id": 16, "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/16/?format=api", "name": "Canadian Space Agency", "featured": false, "type": "Government", "country_code": "CAN", "abbrev": "CSA", "description": "The Canadian Space Agency was established by the Canadian Space Agency Act which received Royal Assent on May 10, 1990. \r\n\r\nThe Canadian space program is administered by the Canadian Space Agency. Canada has contributed technology, expertise and personnel to the world space effort, especially in collaboration with ESA and NASA. In addition to its astronauts and satellites, some of the most notable Canadian technological contributions to space exploration include the Canadarm on the Space Shuttle and Canadarm2 on the International Space Station.", "administrator": "President: Lisa Campbell", "founding_year": "1990", "launchers": "", "spacecraft": "", "parent": null, "image_url": null, "logo_url": "https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/canadian2520space2520agency_logo_20231122160211.png" }, "profile_image": "https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/david_saint-jac_image_20220911034207.jpeg", "profile_image_thumbnail": "https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305191004.jpeg", "flights_count": 1, "landings_count": 1, "spacewalks_count": 1, "last_flight": "2018-12-03T11:31:52Z", "first_flight": "2018-12-03T11:31:52Z" }, { "id": 805, "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/astronaut/805/?format=api", "name": "Sławosz Uznański", "status": { "id": 1, "name": "Active" }, "type": { "id": 2, "name": "Government" }, "in_space": false, "time_in_space": "P20DT2H58M8S", "eva_time": "P0D", "age": 41, "date_of_birth": "1984-04-12", "date_of_death": null, "nationality": "Polish", "bio": "Sławosz Uznański is a Polish engineer working at the European Space Agency as a project astronaut since 2023 and formerly at CERN.", "twitter": "https://x.com/astro_slawosz", "instagram": "https://www.instagram.com/astro_slawosz/", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C5%82awosz_Uzna%C5%84ski", "agency": { "id": 27, "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/27/?format=api", "name": "European Space Agency", "featured": false, "type": "Multinational", "country_code": "FRA,ITA,DEU,ESP,CHE,GBR,AUT,SWE,PRT,NLD,HUN,POL,DNK,CZE,ROU,NOR,FIN,GRC,EST,IRL,LUX,BEL,SVN", "abbrev": "ESA", "description": "The European Space Agency is an intergovernmental organisation of 22 member states. Established in 1975 and headquartered in Paris, France, ESA has a worldwide staff of about 2,000 employees.\r\n\r\nESA's space flight programme includes human spaceflight (mainly through participation in the International Space Station program); the launch and operation of unmanned exploration missions to other planets and the Moon; Earth observation, science and telecommunication; designing launch vehicles; and maintaining a major spaceport, the Guiana Space Centre at Kourou, French Guiana.", "administrator": "Director General: Josef Aschbacher", "founding_year": "1975", "launchers": "Ariane | Vega", "spacecraft": "Space Rider", "parent": null, "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/esa_patch_float_image_20250211192109.png", "logo_url": "https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/european2520space2520agency_logo_20221130101442.png" }, "profile_image": "https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/s25c52582awos_image_20240803064757.jpg", "profile_image_thumbnail": "https://thespacedevs-dev.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/s25c52582awos_image_thumbnail_20240803064803.jpeg", "flights_count": 1, "landings_count": 1, "spacewalks_count": 0, "last_flight": "2025-06-25T06:31:52Z", "first_flight": "2025-06-25T06:31:52Z" }, { "id": 744, "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/astronaut/744/?format=api", "name": "Shaun the Sheep", "status": { "id": 1, "name": "Active" }, "type": { "id": 6, "name": "Non-Human" }, "in_space": false, "time_in_space": "P25DT10H52M46S", "eva_time": "P0D", "age": null, "date_of_birth": null, "date_of_death": null, "nationality": "Earthling", "bio": "Shaun the Sheep is the main character of the eponymous British stop-motion TV show. This plushie serves as zero-G indicator on the Artemis-1 mission.", "twitter": null, "instagram": null, "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shaun_the_Sheep", "agency": { "id": 27, "url": "https://lldev.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/27/?format=api", "name": "European Space Agency", "featured": false, "type": "Multinational", "country_code": "FRA,ITA,DEU,ESP,CHE,GBR,AUT,SWE,PRT,NLD,HUN,POL,DNK,CZE,ROU,NOR,FIN,GRC,EST,IRL,LUX,BEL,SVN", "abbrev": "ESA", "description": "The European Space Agency is an intergovernmental organisation of 22 member states. 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